"the situation varies greatly, with some groups in Heilongjiang adopting other languages (Dagur, Chinese); on the Inner Mongolian side the language is generally being retained well, with children also consistently learning it"

"generally fluent within those communities still retaining the language; unidirectional bilingualism in Dagur is very common, possibly universal"

"the function of literary languages is fulfilled by both Chinese and Modern Written Mongolian; attempts have also been made to write Solon in various systems of transcription (Mongolian, Roman, IPA)"

All are bilingual.

use written Chinese or Mongolian when needed