Krymchak
[aka Judeo-Crimean Tatar, Krimchak, крымчакский язык, кърымчах тыльы]Classification: Turkic
·critically endangered
Classification: Turkic
·critically endangered
Closely related to Crimean Tatar.
Judeo-Crimean Tatar, Krimchak, крымчакский язык, кърымчах тыльы, Kırımçakça, кримчацька мова, кырымчак тележ Judeo-Crimean Turkish |
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Turkic, Kipchak |
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ISO 639-3 |
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jct |
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As csv |
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Information from: “Europe and North Asia” (211-282) . Tapani Salminen (2007) , C. Moseley · London & New York: Routledge
Russian
"In 1989, 500 speakers were reported from the Soviet Union, including 100 in
the Crimea, but the figures seem meaningless, as only people born in the 1930s or earlier appear to retain fluency in Krimchak; they number perhaps 200, and even they use Krimchak rarely" (Salminen, 2007)
"Speakers lived originally among Crimean Tatar speakers, with Simferopol as the main centre. More than two thirds of the population were murdered by Germans during the Second World War. There are now 1,200 ethnic Krimchaks in the Crimea, and 600 elsewhere." (Salminen, 2007)
Information from: “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press
Information from: “The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire” . Andrew Humphreys and Krista Mits ·
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Crimean Tatar is used only by those over 70
Russian
"Not long ago the Krymchaks used to speak a variant of Crimean Tatar which had some of the distinctive features of the Steppe dialect and has sometimes been referred to as its Krymchak ethnolect. The Crimean Tatar language was the universal means of communication in the Crimea from the 15th to the 19th centuries... Today the majority of Krymchaks speak Russian. Crimean Tatar is used only by those over 70. In most instances the younger generation lacks even a passive knowledge of Crimean Tatar. Intermarriages are the norm. The mass transition of the young to the Russian language occurred at the beginning of the 20th century. At that time the older Krymchak women were monolingual" (The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire)
Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International
260,000 in Ukraine (2006 A. Goriainov).