Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Izhorian, ижорский язык, inkeroisen kieli, ižoran keeli, isuri keel, izhor, inkerin kieli, Ingrisch, Isurisch, Ižorisch, ingrien, užory, ižorskij jazyk, inkerioinen, maakeeli
CLASSIFICATION		Uralic, Finnic
ORTHOGRAPHY		None
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		izh
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Soykin Lower Luzh Oredezh Khava
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Sometimes considered a dialect of Finnish.

Compare Sources (8)

Information from: “Correlation between social and linguistic parameters in modeling language contact: Evidence from endangered Finnic varieties” (53-76) . Elena Markus and Fedor Rozhanskiy (2013) De Gruyter Mouton

Severely endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~130
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
820

DATE OF INFO: 2011 (speaker numbers); 1989 (ethnic population)

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards."

GOVERNMENT SUPPORT

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Russian

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

"Neither [Ingrian nor Votic] has ever had administrative status, and the social prestige of thelanguages has always been very low."

Scripts (Writing system)

None

More on Orthography

"The Ingrian written variety was introduced in the early 1930s... In 1937, following the general language policy of the Soviet State, Ingrian was banned from schools, and teachers were subjected to repression. Ever since, Ingrian has once again been an unwritten language."

PLACES: Russia

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Western part of Leningrad oblast

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: The Soikkola dialect is spoken on the Soikkola peninsula, and the Lower Luga dialect is spoken in the Lower Luga area.

Severely endangered

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available
300
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 1989

TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Gulf of Finland, St.Petersburg

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Spoken in the cape of Kovashi, Sykin, and Kurkola.

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
302
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
150
Native speakers worldwide
ELDERS
most if not all

PLACES: Leningrad district, Russia

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
200
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
360
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
820
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
360 (2002 census). Ethnic population: 820 (1989 census)

DATE OF INFO: speakers 2002 (census), populations 1989 (census)

PLACES: Russia;

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8,428
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
16,239

DATE OF INFO: 1979

PLACES: Ingermanland (Ingria), Russia

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "Ingermanland is the descendant of ancient Ingria in the area of the Gulf of Finland, the river basin of Neva and Lake Ladoga that became a Swedish province (in Swedish: Ingermanland) after the battles during the years 1570--1595 and 1610--1617. It included Jaanilinna (Ивангород), Jaama (Ямбург), Kaprio (Копорье) and Pähkinälinna (Орешек) county -- all together roughly 15,000 square kilometres. The area of Ingermanland extended 200 kilometres from the River Narva in the west to the River Lava in the east and from north to south 130 kilometres. From 1710 on, Ingermanland was part of St. Petersburg, from 1914 of Petrograd and from 1927 of the province of Leningrad."

				2007	Europe and North Asia	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	211-282	C. Moseley	London & New York: Routledge				Tapani Salminen	Salminen, Tapani. 2007. "Europe and North Asia." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 211-282. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD		300	1989	100-999			Russian, Finnish				Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	14				Gulf of Finland, St.Petersburg	Spoken in the cape of Kovashi, Sykin, and Kurkola.
	May		221	2013	Correlation between social and linguistic parameters in modeling language contact: Evidence from endangered Finnic varieties		53-76		De Gruyter Mouton	International Journal of the Sociology of Language		http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/ijsl.2013.2013.issue-221/ijsl-2013-0023/ijsl-2013-0023.xml?format=INT	Elena Markus and Fedor Rozhanskiy			820	~130	2011 (speaker numbers); 1989 (ethnic population)	100-999			Russian	No	"Neither [Ingrian nor Votic] has ever had administrative status, and the social prestige of thelanguages has always been very low."	All	Severely Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	14	"Both Ingrian and Votic populations have decreased drastically from the second half of the 20th century onwards."	15	The Soikkola dialect is spoken on the Soikkola peninsula, and the Lower Luga dialect is spoken in the Lower Luga area.	Russia	Western part of Leningrad oblast
0199255911				2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press		New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.																			59.0,29.0
		16		2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International		Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	820	360	speakers 2002 (census), populations 1989 (census)	100-999	360 (2002 census). Ethnic population: 820 (1989 census)						Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Russia;
		3rd		2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing		Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		200		100-999							Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)							59.7397,28.7017
				2011	"Documentation of Ingrian: collecting and analyzing fieldwork data and digitizing legacy materials" HRELP Abstract							http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=253	Rozhanskiy, Fedor	Fedor Rozhanskiy. 2011. ""Documentation of Ingrian: Collecting and Analyzing Fieldwork Data and Digitizing Legacy Materials" HRELP Abstract." Online: http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=253.			150		100-999		most if not all					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Leningrad district, Russia		59.716667,28.466667
					World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			302		100-999							Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
9985-936922				1993	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire			Andrew Humphreys and Krista Mits				http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook		"The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire." edited by Andrew Humphreys and Krista Mits. Online: http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook.		16,239	8,428	1979	1000-9999							Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Ingermanland (Ingria), Russia	"Ingermanland is the descendant of ancient Ingria in the area of the Gulf of Finland, the river basin of Neva and Lake Ladoga that became a Swedish province (in Swedish: Ingermanland) after the battles during the years 1570--1595 and 1610--1617. It included Jaanilinna (Ивангород), Jaama (Ямбург), Kaprio (Копорье) and Pähkinälinna (Орешек) county -- all together roughly 15,000 square kilometres. The area of Ingermanland extended 200 kilometres from the River Narva in the west to the River Lava in the east and from north to south 130 kilometres. From 1710 on, Ingermanland was part of St. Petersburg, from 1914 of Petrograd and from 1927 of the province of Leningrad."

Ingrian

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~130

Severely endangered

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

300

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

302

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

200

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

360

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8,428

Discussion

Ingrian

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~130

Severely endangered

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

300

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

302

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

200

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

360

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8,428

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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