Language Information by Source

Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition (2013)

Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.), 2013. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.

Critically Endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
400
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 5

A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly.

5
Domains of Use

Domain Of Use 4

Used mainly only in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members.

4
Transmission

Transmission 5

There are only a few elderly speakers.

5

Speakers

Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
No results found.
Older adults
No results found.
Elders
No results found.
Ethnic or community population
2810
Year information was gathered
No results found.
Comments on speakers
No results found.

Location and Context

Countries
China
Location Description

Yunnan Province, Guandu district, Kunming municipality, Zijun village. A few elderly speakers in Zhenkang and Yongde.

Government Support
No results found.
Institutional Support
Some language heritage activities underway in the village school (Bradley 2007).
Speakers' Attitude
No results found.
Other Languages Used By The Community
Mandarin [cmn]
Number of Other Language Speakers:
all
Domains of Other Languages:
None

Writing Systems

Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
No results found.
Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
No results found.

Recent Resources

Community Members