Endangered Languages Project

Note on Australian languages with no known speakers: For some languages, we haven't been able to confirm speaker numbers. In other cases, there isn't anyone who has grown up speaking the language, but there are still people who identify with the language, and who are working to revitalize their languages. We've chosen to include these languages in the Catalogue for this reason.

ALSO KNOWN AS		Iwaydja, Iwaidji, Ibadjo, Eiwaja, Jiwadja, Limba, Karadjee, Jiwaidja, Iwaiji, Eaewandja, Unalla, Limbakaraja, Eaewardja, Eaewarga, Eae-warge-ga, Iwaija, Iwaja, Iyi, Ji:wadja, Juwadja, Limba-Karadjee, Tarula, Uwaidja, Yiwadya, Yiwayja
CLASSIFICATION		Iwaidjan
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		ibd
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Iwaydja
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Most of the languages of the group are extinct or threatened with imminent extinction, and only two – Iwaidja and Maung – have speech communities large enough to ensure daily use by a full age range including children. (DoBeS)

Compare Sources (11)

Information from: “Doubled up all over again: borrowing, sound change and reduplication in Iwaidja” (159-176) . Nicholas Evans (2009) Springer

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
150
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Evans expresses hope about young learners: "more data from younger learners of Iwaidja would be very revealing."

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: The language has been influenced by other languages to the point that a fundamental morphological process has been completely replaced.

PLACES: Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land in Northern Australia :: Croker Island in Northern Territory

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
150
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).

PLACES: Australia;

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
200
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
150
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Cobourg Peninsula region of the Northern Territory, Australia

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~200
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~150
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"In 1983, 180 speakers were reported... The speaker numbers are lower today, about 150..."

DATE OF INFO: 1983

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered."

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

English
Kunwinjku

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

"All speakers are bilingual in English."

PLACES: Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, Arnhem Land, Croker Island.

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
134
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 2006

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
380
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
<200
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"Iwaidja is a highly endangered language spoken by perhaps less than 200 people. A far greater number of people understand the language, can partially speak it, or identify with it as their ancestral language"

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "An area extending roughly to Oenpelli and Jabiru and Darwin in the south, Cobourg Peninsula in the Northwest, and Maningrida in the east."

	2009		19	2009	Doubled up all over again: borrowing, sound change and reduplication in Iwaidja		159-176			Springer	Morphology				Nicholas Evans	Evans, Nicholas. 2009. "Doubled Up All Over Again: Borrowing, Sound Change and Reduplication in Iwaidja." In Morphology, 159-176. Springer.		150		100-999	Evans expresses hope about young learners: "more data from younger learners of Iwaidja would be very revealing."		The language has been influenced by other languages to the point that a fundamental morphological process has been completely replaced.		Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Cobourg Peninsula, Arnhem Land in Northern Australia :: Croker Island in Northern Territory
				2007	Australasia and the Pacific	Atlas of the World's Languages	97-126		R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley	Routledge			4		Darrell Tryon	Tryon, Darrell. 2007. "Australasia and the Pacific." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley. 97-126. Routledge.		380		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		16		2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)				M. Paul Lewis	SIL International		Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	150		100-999	Data for the number of native speakers comes from N. Evans (2000).				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Australia;
				2011	How many languages were spoken in Australia?			Also includes subsequent additions by CB directly into ElCat						http://anggarrgoon.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/austlangs-masterlanguagelist-dec2011.xlsx	Claire Bowern	Claire Bowern. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?" Online: http://anggarrgoon.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/austlangs-masterlanguagelist-dec2011.xlsx.																-11.4407565,132.5594586
					Austlang: Australian Indigenous Languages Database					AIATSIS		Canberra		http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au		AUSTLANG: Australian Indigenous Languages Database. (19 October, 2009.)	ll_pub	134	2006	100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
				2009	Dying Words: Endangered Languages and What They Have to Tell Us					John Wiley & Sons					Nicholas Evans	Nicholas Evans. 2009. "Dying Words: Endangered Languages and What They Have To Tell Us." John Wiley & Sons.	HHOLD	~200		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		3rd		2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing		Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub	200		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
					Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen (DoBeS)									http://lux09.mpi.nl:8186/DOBES/	Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen	Bedrohter Sprachen, Dokumentation. Dokumentation Bedrohter Sprachen (DoBeS). http://www.mpi.nl/DOBES/projects/ (October, 2011)	ll_pub													Cobourg Peninsula region of the Northern Territory, Australia
					World Oral Literature Project									http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.		150		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
				2010	Iwaidja Inyman									http://www.iwaidja.org/	Sabine Hoeng and Bruce Birch and Joy Williams and Khaki Marrala and Rae Girribuk	Sabine Hoeng, Bruce Birch, Joy Williams, Khaki Marrala and Rae Girribuk. 2010. "Iwaidja Inyman." Online: http://www.iwaidja.org/.		<200		100-999	"Iwaidja is a highly endangered language spoken by perhaps less than 200 people. A far greater number of people understand the language, can partially speak it, or identify with it as their ancestral language"				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)						"An area extending roughly to Oenpelli and Jabiru and Darwin in the south, Cobourg Peninsula in the Northwest, and Maningrida in the east."
070071197X	3	1		2007	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages					Routledge		Abingdon			Christopher Moseley	Moseley, Christopher. 2007. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X	ll_pub	~150	1983	100-999	"In 1983, 180 speakers were reported... The speaker numbers are lower today, about 150..."	English, Kunwinjku	"All speakers are bilingual in English."	All	Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	10	"...speakers shifting to English or Kunwinjku. The language is potentially endangered."	13	15	Australia: Extreme northern Northern Territory, Arnhem Land, Croker Island.

Iwaidja

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

200

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~200

Endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

134

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

380

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<200

Discussion

Iwaidja

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

200

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~200

Endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

134

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

380

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<200

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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