Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Pyuma, Pilam, Pelam, Piyuma, Panapanayan, Kadas, Tipun, Sprache von Formosa, Proto-Puyuma, 卑南語
CLASSIFICATION		Austronesian, Puyuma
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		pyu
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Nanwang Katipul (and Kasavakan) others
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Puyuma, meaning 'unity, concord' or 'send to the field', is an autonym used by the Nanwang community (Teng 2008). Puyuma is now used as a generic term for all the dialects together, because it is the most recognized name in the academic literature.

Compare Sources (3)

Information from: “A Reference Grammar of Puyuma, an Austronesian Language of Taiwan” . Stacy Teng (2007)

Severely endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~1000
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
9197
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Although the ethnic population is rising, the number of native speakers has fallen to less than 1000.

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Mandarin
Japanese (elderly population only)

PLACES: Taiwan

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: The Puyuma people reside in Southeastern Taiwan in Taitung City and Peinan Township in Taitung County.

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1500
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8490
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
8490
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
The speaker numbers listed here match the ethnic population. It should not be taken as an accurate number in terms of speakers of the language.

DATE OF INFO: 2002

PLACES: Taiwan

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: East coast area south of Taitung and inland.

3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger		UNESCO Publishing	Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		1500		1000-9999			Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
	2007	A Reference Grammar of Puyuma, an Austronesian Language of Taiwan				Australian National University		Stacy Teng	Stacy Teng. A Reference Grammar of Puyuma, An Austronesian Language of Taiwan. PhD thesis, Australian National University, 2007.		9197	~1000		100-999	Although the ethnic population is rising, the number of native speakers has fallen to less than 1000.	Mandarin, Japanese (elderly population only)	Severely Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	14	Native speakers are generally over age 65. This age group communicates primarily in Puyuma and sometimes in Japanese. Those aged 50-65 are usually bilingual in Mandarin and Puyuma, but rarely speak Puyuma to people other than elders. The younger generation typically has no knowledge of the language greater than a few words.	14	14	Taiwan	The Puyuma people reside in Southeastern Taiwan in Taitung City and Peinan Township in Taitung County.	22.7583333, 121.1444444; 22.788903, 121.11482
16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)	M. Paul Lewis	SIL International	Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	8490	8490	2002	1000-9999	The speaker numbers listed here match the ethnic population. It should not be taken as an accurate number in terms of speakers of the language.		Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Taiwan	East coast area south of Taitung and inland.

Puyuma

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~1000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1500

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8490

Discussion

Puyuma

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~1000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1500

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8490

Discussion

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Sources of information

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