濒危语言项目

别称		!Xóõ, Tâa, !Xuun, N/amani, Ng\|amani, Tsasi, Qgoon, /Namani, Tshasi, !Ko, Casi, /Nu//een
语系		Tuu, Hua
注册机构代码		ISO 639-3
语言代码		nmn
方言和语支		Ki\|hazi Kakia Xatia Nusan Ng\|u\|\|en Auni Ng\|u\|en !Kwi
下载		文件格式： csv
更多资源		OLAC 搜索

Compare Sources (13)

信息不完整 “The twelve modern Khoisan languages” . Matthias Brenzinger (2011)

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2,600
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人

更多关于活力的信息

"Significant numbers of Taa speakers in Botswana abandon their own language and shift to Kgalagadi, while those living on farms or in town locations in Namibia are shifting to Afrikaans and Nama"

该群体使用的其他语言

Kgalagadi; Afrikaans; Nama

地点: Botswana; Namibia

地点描述: "The majority of [Taa speakers] live scattered over a huge area in southwestern Botswana, and 300 (+/- 50) in an area known as Corridor, next to the Botswana border in Namibia (DoBeS Taa Project)."

濒危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
民族人口
4,600-6,000

信息日期: 1995-1999

使用领域

更多关于活力的信息

"The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts."

地点: Botswana

地点描述: Kgalagadi, Kweneng, Southern, Ghanzi

其他评论: Villages, settlements, and towns: "Ngwatle, Ukwi, Inalegolo, Make, Kutuku, Bere, Zutswa, Kacgae, Monong, Kokotsha, Khakhea, Kang, Hunhukwa, Hukuntsi, Morwamosu, Khekhenya, Lokgwabe, Keng, Tshane, Lehututu, Kokong, Mabutsane, Sekoma, Dultwe, Tsetseng, Tswaane"

使用者态度: Mixed negative
该群体使用的其他语言
语言环境评论: "...the smaller languages like !Xóõ, Thimbukushu and ǁAni would prefer the use of Setswana as medium through which to receive information. Such positive attitudes towards Setswana would certainly contribute to the rapidity of language shift."

地点: Botswana

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,200
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人
更多关于使用语言人数的信息
4000 in Botswana.

该群体使用的其他语言
语言环境评论: "People older than 10 who have been to school or have lived with speakers of other languages also use Tswana [tsn], Kgalagadi [xkv], Herero [her], Naro [nhr], or |Gwi [gwj]."

地点: Botswana; Namibia;

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,000
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,200
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~2,000
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~4,000
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~2,000
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人

地点描述: "Spoken by small groups of people spread out over a large part of southern Botswana... the relevant area is more than 500km from Sekoma in the east to Aminuis (in Namibia) in the west. From Takatswane in the north to Makopong in the south, the distance is approximately 300km... The speakers live in small groups and it is not the case that all the groups are in contact with one another."

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2,000
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人
更多关于使用语言人数的信息
"Traill (1985, p 1) estimates the number of !Xoo to be about 2,000 of whom probably less than 200 live in Namibia."

信息日期: 1985

地点: Southern & Western Botswana; Eastern Namibia

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
Several thousand
全球范围内以此语言为母语的人
更多关于使用语言人数的信息
"Spoken by several thousand people in southern Botswana and Namibia"

地点: Botswana, Namibia

濒危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
更多关于使用语言人数的信息
3,000-4,000 speakers in Botswana

信息日期: 1995

使用领域
该群体使用的其他语言
语言环境评论: "Anthony Traill has published a dictionary, a phonological study and numerous articles about !Xóõ... Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. "
手写稿、文字系统和正字法: None

地点: Botswana, Namibia

地点描述: Kgalagadi, Ghanzi, Botswana; Namibia

	Duisburger Arbeiten zur Sprach- und Kulturwissenschaft		2000	Where are the Khoesan of Botswana?	Botswana: the Future of the Minority Languages	13-31		Herman M. Batibo and Birgit Smieja	Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang	40				Sue Hasselbring	Sue Hasselbring. 2000. "Where Are the Khoesan of Botswana?" In Botswana: the Future of the Minority Languages, edited by Herman M. Batibo and Birgit Smieja. 40: 13-31. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang.	HHOLD	4,600-6,000		1995-1999			To the chief, clinic workers					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	"The !Xóõ language appeared to have greater vitality in Kgalagi Distrint than in Kweneng and Southern Districts."	13	Villages, settlements, and towns: "Ngwatle, Ukwi, Inalegolo, Make, Kutuku, Bere, Zutswa, Kacgae, Monong, Kokotsha, Khakhea, Kang, Hunhukwa, Hukuntsi, Morwamosu, Khekhenya, Lokgwabe, Keng, Tshane, Lehututu, Kokong, Mabutsane, Sekoma, Dultwe, Tsetseng, Tswaane"	Botswana	Kgalagadi, Kweneng, Southern, Ghanzi	-23.453168,20.516109
0199255911			2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures				Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press		New York				2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.																		-24.0, 21.5
		16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)				M. Paul Lewis	SIL International		Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		4,200		1000-9999	4000 in Botswana.		Tswana; Kgalagadi; Herero; Naro; \|Gwi;		"People older than 10 who have been to school or have lived with speakers of other languages also use Tswana [tsn], Kgalagadi [xkv], Herero [her], Naro [nhr], or \|Gwi [gwj]."		Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Botswana; Namibia;
	Sociolinguistic studies of Botswana language series		2000	A sociolinguistic survey of the languages of Botswana		1-142			Basarwa Languages Project, Collaborative Basarwa Research Programme of the Univ. of Botswana & Univ. of Tromsø	v. 1	Gaborone			Hasselbring, Sue	Sue Hasselbring. 2000. "A Sociolinguistic Survey of the Languages of Botswana." v. 1: 1-142. Basarwa Languages Project, Collaborative Basarwa Research Programme of the Univ. of Botswana & Univ. of Tromsø.	EBALL			1995		3,000-4,000 speakers in Botswana	At the lands or cattle post, to the chief, at the clinic, prayer, writing	Herero, Naro, Kgalagari, Tswana		"Anthony Traill has published a dictionary, a phonological study and numerous articles about !Xóõ... Most of the people in the Ghanzi District speak two or more languages. More people said that they speak Tswana as a second language than any other language. "		Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		13		Botswana, Namibia	Kgalagadi, Ghanzi, Botswana; Namibia
			1998	Few People, Many Tongues: The Languages of Namibia		222			Windhoek, Namibia: Gamsberg Macmillan					Jouni F. Maho	Maho, Jouni F. 1998. Few People, Many Tongues: The Languages of Namibia. Windhoek, Namibia: Gamsberg Macmillan. x+222pp. (Survey of the linguistic typology and the sociolinguistics of the Namibian languages. Revision (heavy) of Maho (1993).)	HHOLD		2,000	1985	1000-9999	"Traill (1985, p 1) estimates the number of !Xoo to be about 2,000 of whom probably less than 200 live in Namibia."						Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Southern & Western Botswana; Eastern Namibia
			2011	The twelve modern Khoisan languages	Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Khoisan Languages and Linguistics									Matthias Brenzinger	Matthias Brenzinger. 2011. "The Twelve Modern Khoisan Languages." In Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Khoisan Languages and Linguistics,			2,600		1000-9999			Kgalagadi; Afrikaans; Nama				Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	"Significant numbers of Taa speakers in Botswana abandon their own language and shift to Kgalagadi, while those living on farms or in town locations in Namibia are shifting to Afrikaans and Nama"			Botswana; Namibia	"The majority of [Taa speakers] live scattered over a huge area in southwestern Botswana, and 300 (+/- 50) in an area known as Corridor, next to the Botswana border in Namibia (DoBeS Taa Project)."	-23.382598, 21.566162; -23.484660, 19.905853
			2009	Dying Words: Endangered Languages and What They Have to Tell Us					John Wiley & Sons					Nicholas Evans	Nicholas Evans. 2009. "Dying Words: Endangered Languages and What They Have To Tell Us." John Wiley & Sons.	HHOLD		~4,000		1000-9999							Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
			1997	Khoisan groups and languages	Languages in Botswana: language ecology in southern Africa	123-142	Deals with Ju/’hoan, €Kx’au//’ein, Nama/Damara, Naro, /Gwi, //Gana, Kxoe, Shua, Tshwa, and !Xóõ.		Longman Botswana		Gaborone			Lars-Gunnar Andersson and Tore Janson	Lars-Gunnar Andersson and Tore Janson. 1997. "Khoisan Groups and Languages." In Languages in Botswana: language ecology in southern Africa, 123-142. Longman Botswana.	EBALL		~2,000		1000-9999							Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					"Spoken by small groups of people spread out over a large part of southern Botswana... the relevant area is more than 500km from Sekoma in the east to Aminuis (in Namibia) in the west. From Takatswane in the north to Makopong in the south, the distance is approximately 300km... The speakers live in small groups and it is not the case that all the groups are in contact with one another."
0-9538248-7-X			2005	The Story of !Ui: Causality and Language Shift in Africa	Creating Outsiders: Endangered Languages, Migration and Marginalisation: Proceedings of the Ninth FEL Conference, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 18-20 November 2005			Nigel Crawhall and Nicholas Ostler	Foundation for Endangered Languages		Bath			Nigel Crawhall	Nigel Crawhall. 2005. "The Story of !Ui: Causality and Language Shift in Africa." In Creating Outsiders: Endangered Languages, Migration and Marginalisation: Proceedings of the Ninth FEL Conference, Stellenbosch, South Africa, 18-20 November 2005, edited by Nigel Crawhall and Nicholas Ostler. Bath, Foundation for Endangered Languages.			Several thousand		1000-9999	"Spoken by several thousand people in southern Botswana and Namibia"						Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Botswana, Namibia
		3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing		Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		4,000		1000-9999							Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)						-24.1367, 20.1049
	Duisburger Arbeiten zur Sprach-und Kulturwissenschaft		2000	Linguistic Barriers as a Hindrance to Information Flow: The Case of Botswana	Botswana: the Future of the Minority Languages	95-104		Herman M. Batibo and Birgit Smieja	Peter Lang		Düsseldorf, Germany			Herman M. Batibo and Naledi Mosaka	Herman M. Batibo and Naledi Mosaka. 2000. "Linguistic Barriers As a Hindrance To Information Flow: The Case of Botswana." In Botswana: the Future of the Minority Languages, edited by Herman M. Batibo and Birgit Smieja. 95-104. Peter Lang.							Radio	Setswana, English	Mixed negative	"...the smaller languages like !Xóõ, Thimbukushu and ǁAni would prefer the use of Setswana as medium through which to receive information. Such positive attitudes towards Setswana would certainly contribute to the rapidity of language shift."	Setswana proficiency: 14.6%%; English: 19.8%%					Botswana
				World Oral Literature Project									http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			4,200		1000-9999							Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
9783110170498	Trends in Linguistics: Studies and Monographs		2007	Language Endangerment in Southern and Eastern Africa	Language Diversity Endangered	179-204		Matthias Brenzinger	Mouton de Gruyter		Berlin	9		Matthias Brenzinger	Brenzinger, Matthias. 2007. "Language Endangerment in Southern and Eastern Africa." In Language Diversity Endangered, edited by Matthias Brenzinger. 179-204. Mouton de Gruyter.			~2,000		1000-9999							Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Taa

语言元数据

语言文献论坛

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,600

濒危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,200

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,200

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~2,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~4,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~2,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

Several thousand

濒危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

讨论

Taa

语言元数据

语言文献论坛

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,600

濒危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,200

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,200

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~2,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~4,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~2,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,000

近危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

Several thousand

濒危

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

讨论

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信息来源

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