Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Šumāštī, Shumasht, Dardu
CLASSIFICATION		Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, Northwestern Zone
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		sts
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (6)

Information from: “Dardic” (818-894) . Elena Bashir (2003) , George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain · London & New York: Routledge

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
10-99
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Spoken in a few households.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Village of Upper Shumasht

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,000
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,000
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 1994

PLACES: Afghanistan;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: West side of Kunar Valley between Pech Valley and Jalalabad.

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: Central subgroup. The central subgroup is further subdivided into northern and southern groupings. The northern grouping includes Khowar (or Chitrali, Chitrari, Chatrori, Arniya) and Kalasha in the Chitral region. The southern grouping includes Tirahi, Gawar (or Gawar-bati, lit., “language of the Gawar people”), Katarkalai (or Wotapuri, referring to another dialect), Shumashti, Glangali (closely related Ningalami, reported in the literature but apparently no longer extant), and Pashai, a large group of extremely divergent dialects or closely related languages, in the southern part of Nūrestān and adjacent areas.

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Part of Nūrestān and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,000
Native speakers worldwide

		1994	Dardestān ii. Language					Encyclopedia Iranica		http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/dardestan-#i	Edel'man, D.I.	D.I. Edel'man. 1994. "Dardestān Ii. Language." In Encyclopedia Iranica, Online: http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/dardestan-#i.							Central subgroup. The central subgroup is further subdivided into northern and southern groupings. The northern grouping includes Khowar (or Chitrali, Chitrari, Chatrori, Arniya) and Kalasha in the Chitral region. The southern grouping includes Tirahi, Gawar (or Gawar-bati, lit., “language of the Gawar people”), Katarkalai (or Wotapuri, referring to another dialect), Shumashti, Glangali (closely related Ningalami, reported in the literature but apparently no longer extant), and Pashai, a large group of extremely divergent dialects or closely related languages, in the southern part of Nūrestān and adjacent areas.				Part of Nūrestān and adjacent areas along the Kabul river and its tributaries in the mountain region that encompasses northeastern Afghanistan, northern Pakistan, and northwestern India
Routledge Language Family Series		2003	Dardic	The Indo-Aryan Languages	818-894	George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain	London & New York: Routledge				Elena Bashir	Bashir, Elena. 2003. "Dardic." In The Indo-Aryan Languages, edited by George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain. 818-894. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD			10-99	Spoken in a few households.	Pashai		All	Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		Village of Upper Shumasht
	16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International		Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	1,000	1994	1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Afghanistan;	West side of Kunar Valley between Pech Valley and Jalalabad.
	3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing		Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub	1,000		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)			34.6108,70.7569
			Glottolog							http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/		"Glottolog." Online: http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/.												34.477075, 70.574617
			World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.		1,000		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Shumashti

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10-99

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Discussion

Shumashti

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10-99

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Discussion

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