Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Idu-Mishmi, Idu, Midu, Lho-Pa, "Chulikata", "Chulikotta", Ida, Midhi, Yidu Luoba, Chulikatta, Idu Mishmi, Chulikātā Mishmi, Neda, Methun, Bebejiya, 義都語, 珞巴
CLASSIFICATION		Sino-Tibetan, Trans-Himalayan/Tibeto-Burman, Digarish, Kera'a-Tawrã
ORTHOGRAPHY		Roman-based script with mistranscribed vowels
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3; Glottolog
LANGUAGE CODE		clk; idum1241
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Kera’a (Midu & Mithu) Tawrã (Digaru Mishmi)
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “Kera'a (Arunachal Pradesh, India) - Language Snapshot” . Naomi Peck (2020) , Peter K. Austin · ELPublishing

Threatened

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
16,000
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 2018

DOMAINS OF USE
SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
SPEAKER ATTITUDE: Most Kera'a are bidialectal, speaking both Mithu and the more prestigious Midu, and using few borrowings from other Mishmi tribes nearby. Urban, adult Kera'a believe their language is culturally important and want their children to learn it; however, many use Hindi at home, so children grow up with passive knowledge of Kera'a. Education is conducted in Hindi and English. Community groups are trying to raise the prestige of the language and expand domains of use through radio broadcasts and language classes for children. Some are also involved in the collection, transcription, translation, and results of documentation materials.
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT: Kera'a is lumped in with other Mishmi languages, so not actually supported.
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
Scripts (Writing system): Roman-based script with mistranscribed vowels
Competing Orthographies: Blench's (2018) script is difficult to type
More on Orthography: Lack of a single, consistent, official writing system is a significant hurdle to maintenance and revitalization.

PLACES: Lower Dibang Valley and Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, between India and China

MORE ON VITALITY

Language is threatened in India.

Vulnerable

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
11,080
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
11,000 of these speakers live in India. 2,200 are monolinguals.

DATE OF INFO: 2001 (census data)

DOMAINS OF USE
TRANSMISSION
SPEAKER ATTITUDE: Positive language attitudes
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: India; China

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
11,101
Native speakers worldwide

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
11,121
Native speakers worldwide

				2012	Personal Communication		Personal Communication					Gregory Anderson	Gregory Anderson. 2012. "Personal Communication."											Language is threatened in India.
0199255911				2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures	Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer		Oxford University Press		New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.															29.33333,95.83333
ISSN: 1740-6234	Language Snapshots	December		2020	Kera'a (Arunachal Pradesh, India) - Language Snapshot	Peter K. Austin		ELPublishing	Language Documentation and Description		http://www.elpublishing.org/docs/1/19/ldd19_04.pdf	Naomi Peck	Peck, Naomi. 2020. Kera’a (Arunachal Pradesh, India) - Language Snapshot. Language Documentation and Description 19, 26-34. http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/206		16,000	2018	10000-99999		Hindi, Assamese, English, Nepali	Kera'a is lumped in with other Mishmi languages, so not actually supported.	Most Kera'a are bidialectal, speaking both Mithu and the more prestigious Midu, and using few borrowings from other Mishmi tribes nearby. Urban, adult Kera'a believe their language is culturally important and want their children to learn it; however, many use Hindi at home, so children grow up with passive knowledge of Kera'a. Education is conducted in Hindi and English. Community groups are trying to raise the prestige of the language and expand domains of use through radio broadcasts and language classes for children. Some are also involved in the collection, transcription, translation, and results of documentation materials.	Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	11		14	12	Lower Dibang Valley and Dibang Valley, Arunachal Pradesh, between India and China	28.5501,96.0957
			3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger			UNESCO Publishing		Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub	11,101		10000-99999					Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)						28.6496,95.8419
			17th	2013	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition (2013)	Paul M. Lewis; Gary F. Simons; and Charles D. Fennig		Dallas, Texas: SIL International			http://www.ethnologue.com Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition (2013)		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.), 2013. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		11,080	2001 (census data)	10000-99999	11,000 of these speakers live in India. 2,200 are monolinguals.	Assamese; Hindi; Nepali		Positive language attitudes	Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	10		13		India; China
					World Oral Literature Project						http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.		11,121		10000-99999					Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Kera'a

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

16,000

Vulnerable

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

11,080

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

11,101

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

11,121

Discussion

Kera'a

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

16,000

Vulnerable

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

11,080

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

11,101

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

11,121

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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