Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Uwa, U'wa, U'w Cuwa, U'w Kuwa, Sínsiga, Cobaría, Tegría, Pedraza
CLASSIFICATION		Chibchan, Magdalenic
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		tbn, tnb, tnd, tuf
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Cobaría Tegría Agua Blanca Barro Negro
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Ethnologue gives 4 Tunebo languages (in a subbranch of Chibchan they call Cundicocuyese): Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd] Tunebo, Barro Negro [tbn] Tunebo, Central [tuf] Tunebo, Western [tnb]. Others have only one (see Constenla Umaña 2012).

Compare Sources (5)

Information from: “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
7,231
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
7,231
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Columbia: Uwa-Tunebo (Uw Kuwa, U’wa) 7,231 speakers and population (2001). Venezuela: Tunebo (Uwa-Tunebo) ? speakers and population.

DATE OF INFO: 2001

PLACES: Colombia (Venezuela?)

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
3,550
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Ethnologue gives 4 Tunebo languages:

Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: 50 speakers.
(50. Ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).)

Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: 300 speakers (1981).
(300 (1981 SIL). Ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).)

Tunebo, Central [tuf]: 2,500 speakers (2000).
(2,500 in Colombia (2000 SIL); ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).)

Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: 700 speakers (1998).
(700 (1998). Ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007). (2013, no change).)
Others give only one

DATE OF INFO: 2007, 1981, 2000, 1998

PLACES: Colombia

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Northern Colombia

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS

Angosturas Tunebo [tnd]: Arauca Department, headwaters, southern tributaries of the Casanare River.

Barro Negro Tunebo [[tbn]: Isolated, Andes foothills, edge of eastern plains above Paz de Ariporo, in Barro Negro, San Lope (Casanare), and Tabías (Casanare), south of Tame Arauca.

Central Tunebo [tuf]: Boyaca and Arauca departments, north slopes of Sierra Nevada de Cocuy, Satocá, Calafita, Tegría (Boyacá), Cobaría (Boyacá); also in Santander Department, Capitanejo and Carcasi municipalities.

Western Tunebo [tnb]: Santander and Norte de Santander department, east of Floridablanca; small area in Boyaca department.

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
50
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
3550
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
7010
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Ethnologue distinguishes:

Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: 50 speakers (50 Ethnic population).

Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: 300 speakers (1981) (300 Ethnic population).

Tunebo, Central [tuf]: 2,500 speakers (2000) (2,500 ethnic population).

Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: 700 speakers (700 ethnic population).

DATE OF INFO: 2007, 1981, 2000, 1998

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Colombia

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS

Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: Arauca department: headwaters and southern tributaries of Casanare River.

Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: Arauca and Casanare departments: Barro Negro, San Lope (Casanare), and Tabías (Casanare), south of Tame Arauca; isolated in Andes foothills, eastern plains above Paz de Ariporo.

Tunebo, Central [tuf]: Arauca and Boyacá departments: Calafita, Cobaría (Boyacá), Satocá, Tegría (Boyacá) on north slopes of Sierra Nevada de Cocuy; Santander department: Capitanejo and Carcasi municipalities.

Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: Norte de Santander and Santander departments: east of Floridablanca; some in Boyacá department.

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
7,231
Native speakers worldwide

3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing	Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		7,231		1000-9999			Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				6.4463, -72.0483
	2016	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig	online	SIL International	Dallas, Texas	http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2016. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth edition (2016). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		7010	3550	2007, 1981, 2000, 1998	1000-9999	Ethnologue distinguishes: Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: 50 speakers (50 Ethnic population). Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: 300 speakers (1981) (300 Ethnic population). Tunebo, Central [tuf]: 2,500 speakers (2000) (2,500 ethnic population). Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: 700 speakers (700 ethnic population).	Spanish	Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: Arauca department: headwaters and southern tributaries of Casanare River. Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: Arauca and Casanare departments: Barro Negro, San Lope (Casanare), and Tabías (Casanare), south of Tame Arauca; isolated in Andes foothills, eastern plains above Paz de Ariporo. Tunebo, Central [tuf]: Arauca and Boyacá departments: Calafita, Cobaría (Boyacá), Satocá, Tegría (Boyacá) on north slopes of Sierra Nevada de Cocuy; Santander department: Capitanejo and Carcasi municipalities. Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: Norte de Santander and Santander departments: east of Floridablanca; some in Boyacá department.	Colombia
	2012	Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking	The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide	167-234	Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona		Mouton de Gruyter	Berlin		Crevels, Mily	Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.		7,231	7,231	2001	1000-9999	Columbia: Uwa-Tunebo (Uw Kuwa, U’wa) 7,231 speakers and population (2001). Venezuela: Tunebo (Uwa-Tunebo) ? speakers and population.		Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		Colombia (Venezuela?)
		World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			50		10-99			Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis		SIL International	Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		3,550	2007, 1981, 2000, 1998	1000-9999	Ethnologue gives 4 Tunebo languages: Tunebo, Angosturas [tnd]: 50 speakers. (50. Ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).) Tunebo, Barro Negro (Eastern Tunebo) [tbn]: 300 speakers (1981). (300 (1981 SIL). Ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).) Tunebo, Central [tuf]: 2,500 speakers (2000). (2,500 in Colombia (2000 SIL); ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007) (2013, no change).) Tunebo, Western (U'wa, Aguas Blancas) [tnb]: 700 speakers (1998). (700 (1998). Ethnic population: All ethnic Tunebos: 7,010 (Crevels 2007). (2013, no change).) Others give only one		Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Angosturas Tunebo [tnd]: Arauca Department, headwaters, southern tributaries of the Casanare River. Barro Negro Tunebo [[tbn]: Isolated, Andes foothills, edge of eastern plains above Paz de Ariporo, in Barro Negro, San Lope (Casanare), and Tabías (Casanare), south of Tame Arauca. Central Tunebo [tuf]: Boyaca and Arauca departments, north slopes of Sierra Nevada de Cocuy, Satocá, Calafita, Tegría (Boyacá), Cobaría (Boyacá); also in Santander Department, Capitanejo and Carcasi municipalities. Western Tunebo [tnb]: Santander and Norte de Santander department, east of Floridablanca; small area in Boyaca department.	Colombia	Northern Colombia

Tunebo

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

7,231

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3,550

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3550

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

7,231

Discussion

Tunebo

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

7,231

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3,550

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3550

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

7,231

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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