Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Mountain Arapesh, Kavu, Kawu, Bukiyúp, Arapesh
CLASSIFICATION		Torricelli, Arapeshan
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		ape
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Mountain Arapesh (Bukiyip) Coastal Arapesh (Arapesh)
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (7)

Information from: “Australasia and the Pacific” (425-577) . Stephen Wurm (2007) , Christopher Moseley · Routledge

Endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
12,000
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
In 1995, about 12,000 speakers (including 5,000 coastal Arapesh) were reported. Latest reports mention 10,304.

DATE OF INFO: 1995

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.

SPEAKER ATTITUDE

Negative

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Tok Pisin

More on Orthography

Some literacy

PLACES: Papua New Guinea

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: East Sepik Province. Spoken in the northern central part of the East Sepik Province, in the Yangoru District, Torricelli mountains, northeast of Bumbita Arapesh.

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
16,200
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
(SIL)

DATE OF INFO: 2003

SPEAKER ATTITUDE: Negative
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: "Shifting to Tok Pisin [tpi]. Many children and adults unwilling to speak the language."
Scripts (Writing system): Latin

PLACES: Papua New Guinea

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "East Sepik Province, west Yangoru district, Torricelli mountains; some in Sandaun Province, Attape Lumi district."

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
10,304
Native speakers worldwide

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
16,233
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
9,000 - 10,000
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
5,000 speakers of Mountain Arapesh dialect; 4,000 - 5,000 speakers of Coastal Arapesh dialect.

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
10,304
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 1970

PLACES: Papua New Guinea

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: 46 villages: Arohemi, Balam, But, Dagua, Japuain, Kauk, Kuminim, Kwotai, Lowan, Magofen, Misuam, Smain, Sowam, Urip, Woginara No. 1, Woginara No. 2, Ahiglium, Belagel, Bonahoitam, Bubuamo, Dunigi, Ilipaiem, Kaboibus, Kairiru, Kuragamon, Malapaiem, Nimbihu, Ulunkohoitu, Yabominu, Chaulagunem, Mendamen, Nagipaem, Nambenogwen, Yalahin, Yamil No. 1, Yamil No. 2, Yamil No. 3, Baranga, Imbia, Loneim, Asaspas, Balup, Malin, Matapau, Walihiga, and Womisis.

0199255911				2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press	New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.															-3.46666666667,143.166666667
				1998	Arapesh and Bukiyip (Mountain Arapesh) Comparative Grammar Notes						http://www.sil.org/pacific/png/abstract.asp?id=928474556062	Conrad, Bob and Aluis Simatab			9,000 - 10,000		1000-9999	5,000 speakers of Mountain Arapesh dialect; 4,000 - 5,000 speakers of Coastal Arapesh dialect.				Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		3rd		2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing	Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub	10,304		10000-99999					Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)						-3.4256,143.0886
	Pacific Linguistics		B 25	1973	Sepik languages: checklist and preliminary classification			Wurm, Stephen A.	Australian National University, Research School of Pacific Studies, Department of Linguistics	Canberra		Laycock, Donald C.			10,304	1970	10000-99999					Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Papua New Guinea	46 villages: Arohemi, Balam, But, Dagua, Japuain, Kauk, Kuminim, Kwotai, Lowan, Magofen, Misuam, Smain, Sowam, Urip, Woginara No. 1, Woginara No. 2, Ahiglium, Belagel, Bonahoitam, Bubuamo, Dunigi, Ilipaiem, Kaboibus, Kairiru, Kuragamon, Malapaiem, Nimbihu, Ulunkohoitu, Yabominu, Chaulagunem, Mendamen, Nagipaem, Nambenogwen, Yalahin, Yamil No. 1, Yamil No. 2, Yamil No. 3, Baranga, Imbia, Loneim, Asaspas, Balup, Malin, Matapau, Walihiga, and Womisis.
					World Oral Literature Project						http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.		16,233		10000-99999					Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		18th		2015	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 18th Edition			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig	SIL International	Dallas, Texas	http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2015. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Eighteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		16,200	2003	10000-99999	(SIL)	Tok Pisin [tpi]	Negative	"Shifting to Tok Pisin [tpi]. Many children and adults unwilling to speak the language."	Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Papua New Guinea	"East Sepik Province, west Yangoru district, Torricelli mountains; some in Sandaun Province, Attape Lumi district."
				2007	Australasia and the Pacific	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	425-577	Christopher Moseley	Routledge	London and New York		Stephen Wurm	Stephen Wurm. 2007. "Australasia and the Pacific." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by Christopher Moseley. 425-577. Routledge.		12,000	1995	10000-99999	In 1995, about 12,000 speakers (including 5,000 coastal Arapesh) were reported. Latest reports mention 10,304.	Tok Pisin	Negative		Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	13	Many children are unwilling to speak it, and quite a few of them do not know it at all, or not properly. Even many adults are unwilling to speak it. There is a decided shift of the speakers to Tok Pisin.	13	Papua New Guinea	East Sepik Province. Spoken in the northern central part of the East Sepik Province, in the Yangoru District, Torricelli mountains, northeast of Bumbita Arapesh.

Bukiyip

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12,000

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

16,200

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10,304

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

16,233

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

9,000 - 10,000

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10,304

Discussion

Bukiyip

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12,000

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

16,200

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10,304

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

16,233

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

9,000 - 10,000

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10,304

Discussion

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