Did you know Xaad Kil (Haida) is critically endangered?

ALSO KNOWN AS		Haida, K'iis Xaat'aay, Northern, Skidegate, Masset, Northern Haida, Haida (Northern), X̱aaydaa Kil
CLASSIFICATION		Isolate, North American
LANGUAGE CODE		hdn, hax
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Skidegate Massett
DOWNLOAD		As csv
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Ethnologue considers Haida [hai] a "macrolanguage" which includes 2 languages, Northern Haida [hdn] and Southern Haida [hax].

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Information from: “First Peoples' Language Map of British Columbia” .

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
32
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
4,066
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
http://maps.fphlcc.ca/xaad_kil

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Canada;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: British Columbia

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
50-100
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
~1,850

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

English

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

The language is taught at Skidegate in a community-based immersion program, and has been offered for university credit in partnership with the University of Northern British Columbia.

More on Orthography

A modern writing system was developed for the Alaska dialect in 1972.

PLACES: Canada; USA;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Queen Charlotte Islands and Alaska. Spoken in two Haida villages on the Queen Charlottes, each with a distinct dialect: Masset and Skidegate. Additional Haida people live in Alaska (representing an 18th century migration from Masset), in the villages of Hydaburg, Kasaan, and Craig on the southern half of Prince of Wales Island, as well as in the city of Ketchikan.

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
30
Native speakers worldwide
CHILDREN
0
YOUNG ADULTS
0

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Canada;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Haida Gwaii, British Columbia

PLACES: Canada;

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
19
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
3442
SEMI SPEAKERS
21
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

English

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
9
Native speakers worldwide
SEMI SPEAKERS
13
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.

DATE OF INFO: 2014

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

English

PLACES: Canada: British Columbia

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: Only speakers in British Columbia are represented here.
Spoken on Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands):
Massett
Skidegate

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
50-100
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Haida, distinct dialects: Masset (pop. 750) and Skidegate (pop. 500). Between 50 and 100 first-language speakers, none younger than 50, are divided between the two communities; only those over 70 are active speakers. Only about 15 Alaskan Haidas, all very elderly, are active speakers of the language.

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Canada; USA;

26 fluent and 96 semi-speakers. 421 language learners.
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
4,799
SEMI SPEAKERS
96
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Numbers for British Columbia only.

	2012	First Peoples' Language Map of British Columbia							First Peoples' Cultural Council	http://www.maps.fphlcc.ca/		2012. "First Peoples' Language Map of British Columbia." edited by First Peoples' Cultural Council. Online: http://www.maps.fphlcc.ca/.		4,066		32		10-99	http://maps.fphlcc.ca/xaad_kil		515	English		Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15			15		Canada;	British Columbia	53.4800000, -132.3300000
	2007	North America	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	1-96	C. Moseley		London & New York: Routledge				Victor Golla	Golla, Victor. 2007. "North America." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 1-96. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD	~1,850		50-100		10-99				English	The language is taught at Skidegate in a community-based immersion program, and has been offered for university credit in partnership with the University of Northern British Columbia.	Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	Language use is restricted to formal gatherings.	15	15		Canada; USA;	Queen Charlotte Islands and Alaska. Spoken in two Haida villages on the Queen Charlottes, each with a distinct dialect: Masset and Skidegate. Additional Haida people live in Alaska (representing an 18th century migration from Masset), in the villages of Hydaburg, Kasaan, and Craig on the southern half of Prince of Wales Island, as well as in the city of Ketchikan.
	2006	"Northern (Massett) Haida Toponymy and Geographic Knowledge" HRELP Abstract								http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=104	Marianne Ignace	Ignace, Marianne. 2006. ""Northern (Massett) Haida Toponymy and Geographic Knowledge" HRELP Abstract." Online: http://www.hrelp.org/grants/projects/index.php?projid=104.			0	30		10-99				English		Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15			15		Canada;	Haida Gwaii, British Columbia
3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing	Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub																	Canada;		53.2697, -131.9861; 54.0397, -132.1776
3	2018	Report on the status of B.C. First Nations Languages					First People's Cultural Council		First Peoples' Cultural Council		Britt Dunlop, Suzanne Gessner, Tracey Herbert & Aliana Parker			3442		19		10-99	Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia	21		English		Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	0.6% fluent speakers, 0.6% semispeakers, 7.7% active learners		15
	2014	Report on the status of B.C. First Nations Languages (2nd Edition) 2014				Website: http://www.fpcc.ca/files/PDF/Language/FPCC-LanguageReport-141016-WEB.pdf	First Peoples' Cultural Council (FPCC)			http://www.fpcc.ca/files/PDF/Language/FPCC-LanguageReport-141016-WEB.pdf	First Peoples' Cultural Council (FPCC)	First Peoples' Cultural Council (FPCC). 2014. Report on the status of B.C. First Nations Languages (2nd Edition). http://www.fpcc.ca/files/PDF/Language/FPCC-LanguageReport-141016-WEB.pdf				9	2014	1-9	Numbers only for speakers in British Columbia.	13		English		Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	0.2% fluent speakers, 0.3% semispeakers, 1.3% learners.		15	Only speakers in British Columbia are represented here. Spoken on Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands): Massett Skidegate	Canada: British Columbia
	2008	North America	Atlas of the World's Languages	7-41	Chris Moseley and Ron Asher		Routledge	London			Victor Golla and Ives Goddard and Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco	Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.				50-100		10-99	Haida, distinct dialects: Masset (pop. 750) and Skidegate (pop. 500). Between 50 and 100 first-language speakers, none younger than 50, are divided between the two communities; only those over 70 are active speakers. Only about 15 Alaskan Haidas, all very elderly, are active speakers of the language.			English		Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15			15		Canada; USA;
	2022	Report on the Status of B.C. First Nations Languages (Fourth Edition)								https://fpcc.ca/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/FPCC-LanguageReport-23.02.14-FINAL.pdf	Gessner, Suzanne, Tracey Herbertn and Aliana Parker			4,799		26 fluent and 96 semi-speakers. 421 language learners.		10-99	Numbers for British Columbia only.	96	421

Xaad Kil (Haida)

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

32

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50-100

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

30

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

19

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

9

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50-100

26 fluent and 96 semi-speakers. 421 language learners.

Discussion

Xaad Kil (Haida)

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

32

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50-100

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

30

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

19

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

9

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50-100

26 fluent and 96 semi-speakers. 421 language learners.

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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