Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Kwe-Nee-Chee-Aht, Kweedishchaaht, Macaw
CLASSIFICATION		Wakashan, Southern Wakashan
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		myh
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “The Macah Language Program” . Yvonne Wilkie, Language Program Manager ·

Awakening
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
The Makah Language Program conducts research, documentation analysis, curriculum development, and teaching of the Makah Language to the Neah Bay Elementary and High School. An Elementary Makah Language Dictionary is forth coming.

DATE OF INFO: 2013

MORE ON VITALITY

The goals of the Makah Language Program (MLP) are as follows:

1. To preserve the Makah Language
2. To restore the Makah Language to spoken fluency
3. To educate our children and people as scholars, able to compete anywhere in today's world and yet maintain their Tribal heritage

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

Funding for the Makah Language Program is provided by the Administration for Native Americans, Makah Cultural and Research Center and the Makah Tribal Council.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

English

PLACES: USA

Awakening
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
June 2010: Robert "Bob" Greene Sr., the eldest Makah man and the tribe's second-to-last World War II veteran, died of natural causes on Monday. He was 92 ..."He was the one in our tribe who was the most fluent in speaking our native language."

DATE OF INFO: 2010

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Dormant
Ø
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
2200
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
No known L1 speakers. Last speaker died in 2002. Ethnic population: 2,220 (2000 census).

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: USA: Washington

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: Washington: Neah Bay on northern tip of Olympic Peninsula, opposite Vancouver Island.

Critically endangered

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available
12
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
2,220
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Golla (2007) cited for speaker numbers; 2000 census cited for ethnic population.

DATE OF INFO: 2007

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"Since late 1970s Makah Cultural and Research Center has sponsored language education at Neah Bay (Golla 2007). Elderly only."

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

"Taught bilingually in preschool on the reservation and ongoing throughout grade school."

PLACES: USA

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "Washington Olympic Peninsula northern tip, Neah Bay, opposite Vancouver Island."

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
12
Native speakers worldwide

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
12
Native speakers worldwide

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~12
Native speakers worldwide
ELDERS
~12
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
About a dozen elderly first-language speakers survive.

			2007	North America	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	1-96	C. Moseley		London & New York: Routledge					Victor Golla	Golla, Victor. 2007. "North America." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 1-96. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD		12		10-99							Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
			2013	The Macah Language Program			Yvonne Wilkie, Language Program Manager				Makah Cultural and Research Museum, PO Box 160 Neah Bay, Wa 98357	Makah Cultural and Research Museum	http://www.makah.com/makahlanguage.html		2013. "The Macah Language Program." edited by Language Program Manager Yvonne Wilkie. Online: http://www.makah.com/makahlanguage.html.				2013	Awakening	The Makah Language Program conducts research, documentation analysis, curriculum development, and teaching of the Makah Language to the Neah Bay Elementary and High School. An Elementary Makah Language Dictionary is forth coming.		English		Funding for the Makah Language Program is provided by the Administration for Native Americans, Makah Cultural and Research Center and the Makah Tribal Council.	All speakers	Awakening ()		The goals of the Makah Language Program (MLP) are as follows: 1. To preserve the Makah Language 2. To restore the Makah Language to spoken fluency 3. To educate our children and people as scholars, able to compete anywhere in today's world and yet maintain their Tribal heritage		USA
0199255911			2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer		Oxford University Press		New York				2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.																		48.3333333333,-124.666666667
			2016	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig	online	SIL International		Dallas, Texas		http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2016. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth edition (2016). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		2200	Ø			No known L1 speakers. Last speaker died in 2002. Ethnic population: 2,220 (2000 census).		English				Dormant ()			Washington: Neah Bay on northern tip of Olympic Peninsula, opposite Vancouver Island.	USA: Washington
	June 27		2010	Makah elder, fluent native speaker and World War II veteran, dies at 92				online		Peninsula Daily News			http://www.peninsuladailynews.com/article/20100627/news/306279991/makah-elder-fluent-native-speaker-and-world-war-ii-veteran-dies-at	Rob Ollikainen	Rob Ollikainen. 2010. "Makah Elder, Fluent Native Speaker and World War II Veteran, Dies At 92." In Peninsula Daily News, Online: http://www.peninsuladailynews.com/article/20100627/news/306279991/makah-elder-fluent-native-speaker-and-world-war-ii-veteran-dies-at.				2010	Awakening	June 2010: Robert "Bob" Greene Sr., the eldest Makah man and the tribe's second-to-last World War II veteran, died of natural causes on Monday. He was 92 ..."He was the one in our tribe who was the most fluent in speaking our native language."		English			All speakers	Awakening ()
		3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing		Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		12		10-99							Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)						48.3658,-124.6118
			2008	North America	Atlas of the World's Languages	7-41	Chris Moseley and Ron Asher		Routledge		London			Victor Golla and Ives Goddard and Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco	Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.			~12		10-99	About a dozen elderly first-language speakers survive.	~12					Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		2nd edition	2010	Endangered Languages of the United States	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger of Disappearing	108-130	Christopher Moseley		UNESCO		Paris			Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell	Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell. 2010. "Endangered Languages of the United States." In Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger of Disappearing, edited by Christopher Moseley. 108-130. UNESCO.																		48.3658,-124.6118
		18th	2015	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 18th Edition			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig		SIL International		Dallas, Texas		http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2015. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Eighteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		2,220	12	2007	10-99	Golla (2007) cited for speaker numbers; 2000 census cited for ethnic population.			"Taught bilingually in preschool on the reservation and ongoing throughout grade school."			Critically Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	"Since late 1970s Makah Cultural and Research Center has sponsored language education at Neah Bay (Golla 2007). Elderly only."		USA	"Washington Olympic Peninsula northern tip, Neah Bay, opposite Vancouver Island."

Makah

Language metadata

Language information by source

Awakening

Awakening

Dormant

Ø

Critically endangered

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~12

Discussion

Makah

Language metadata

Language information by source

Awakening

Awakening

Dormant

Ø

Critically endangered

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~12

Discussion

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