Nez Perce
[别称 Shahaptan, Chopunnish, Nimipu]语系:Sahaptian
·极危
语系:Sahaptian
·极危
信息不完整 “North America” (7-41) . Victor Golla and Ives Goddard and Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco (2008) , Chris Moseley and Ron Asher · Routledge
The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.
The Upriver dialect is spoken fluently by a handful of elders at Kamiah and Lapwai on the Nez Perce Reservation in north-central Idaho, and by several more on the Colville Reservation in eastern Washington. The Downriver dialect is mainly preserved by a few speakers on the Umatilla Reservation in Oregon (most of them descendents of Cayuse speakers who adopted Nez Perce in the 19th century). In addition to these fully fluent speakers there are between 30 and 40 speakers and semi-speakers of varying degrees of fluency, most of them in Idaho.
信息不完整 “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)” . Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig · SIL International
610
30-40
100 (1997 H. Aoki), decreasing. Spoken fluently only by a handful of elders on Nez Perce and Colville Reservations. 30–40 semispeakers, mostly in Idaho (Golla 2007). Ethnic population: 610 (2000 census).
Idaho: Kamiah and Lapwai on Nez Perce Reservation; Washington: east on Colville Reservation (Upriver dialect). Oregon: Umatilla Reservation (Downriver dialect).
信息不完整 “Endangered Languages of the United States” (108-130) . Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell (2010) , Christopher Moseley · UNESCO
信息不完整 “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press
信息不完整 “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International
2,700
200 (1997 H. Aoki), decreasing. Ethnic population: 2,700 (1997 H. Aoki); 612 (2000 US census).
North Idaho.
Upriver dialect: North central Idaho, Nez Perce Reservation, Kamiah and Lapwai; eastern Washington, Colville Reservation. Downriver dialect: Oregon, Umatilla Reservation.