Endangered Languages Project - Piro

Piro

^{[aka Yine, Chontaquiro, Simirinch]}

Classification: Arawakan

·

threatened

ALSO KNOWN AS		Yine, Chontaquiro, Simirinch, Manitereni, Maxineri, "Piro", Pirro, Pira, "Simirinche", Simiranch, Contaquiro,
CLASSIFICATION		Arawakan, Southern Arawakan, Southern Outlier
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		pib
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Chontaquiro Maxineri Maniteneri
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Ethnologue has 3 "Piro" languages; it classifies Machinere (Manchinere, Manchineri, Manitenerí, Manitenére, Maxinéri) [mpb], Mashco Piro [cuj], and Yine (Piro, “Piro”, Pirro, Pira, “Simirinche”, Simiranch, Contaquiro) [pib] as separate languages, unlike other classifications (see Campbell 2012:75). Ethnologue says Machinere is distinct enough from Yine (Piro) “to need separate literature,” and that “Manitenére may be different from Machinere”.

Compare Sources (8)

Information from: “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
3,490
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
3,490
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Brazil Machineri (Manchineri, Yine) 937 speakers, 937 population (2004). Peru: Yine (Piro, Apurinã, Yinerï, Tokanï) 2,553 speakers, 2,553 populations (1993).

DATE OF INFO: 1993

PLACES: Peru, Brazil

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,000
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
4,000-5,000
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Yine [pib]: 4,000 (2000 SIL), increasing.

DATE OF INFO: 2000 (SIL)

MORE ON VITALITY

The number of speakers is increasing.

PLACES: Peru;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Ucayali, Junin, and Cusco regions; east central Urubamba River area, Ucayali River, Conatmana and Pucallpa.

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: Ucayali, Junin, and Cusco regions; east central Urubamba River area, Ucayali River, Conatmana and Pucallpa.

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,000
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2,150
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2,150-3,500
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
2,150–3,500
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"SIL has been involved in establishing bilingual schools in Yine communities since 1953. Today there is a bilingual education programme in the communities on the Urubamba River."

PLACES: Peru

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "Southeast, Department of Ucayali:
on the mouth of the Cushabatay River (tributary of the Ucayali); departments of Ucayali and Cuzco: Urubamba River (especially the lower zone), Manu River (tributaries on the right), the Upper Madre de Dios in the area of the mouth of the Manu River; Department of Madre de Dios: Acre River."

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4000
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
4000

DATE OF INFO: 2000 (SIL)

SPEAKER ATTITUDE: Positive
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Peru

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: Cuzco, Junin, and Ucayali regions; Conatmana and Pucallpa, Ucayali river, east central Urubamba River area.

More on Orthography: An official alphabet was created in 2008 (0220-2008 RD-ED).

PLACES: Peru

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Spoken in the basins of the Urubamba, Unine, Las Piedras, Acre, Purús, Manu, and Madre de Dios rivers, in the departments of Ucayali, Cusco, Madre de Dios, and Loreto, in Peru.

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LOCATION INFORMATION

COORDINATES

COORDINATES

-11.4584,-73.0261

Compare Sources (2)

Information from: “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press