Batsbi
[别称 Bats, Tsova-Tush, batsba motjiti]语系:Northeast Caucasian
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语系:Northeast Caucasian
·高危
信息不完整 “Batsbi: A Silent Death of a Minority Language” . DFWatch Staff (2015) Democracy and Freedom Watch
"Different linguistic studies put the number of speakers at approximately 3,000, yet [Revaz Orbetishvili] estimates that active speakers may be as few as 800."
"Their [Tsova Tush] language, known as Batsbi or Bats, is spoken in approximately half of the village of Zemo Alvani... There is also a generational gap. [According to Revaz Orbetishvili,] ‘Some youth in their late twenties speaks Batsbi, but teenagers can’t speak it at all. The language is headed towards a disaster.’"
Georgian
"For centuries, Batsbi served the community as a spoken language, while Georgian was used for writing and higher domains such as religion. The situation of stable bilingualism began to change with Georgian slowly replacing Batsbi as the spoken language. ... One of the factors is the high degree of intermarriages between Tsova Tush men and women from different villages, making Georgian a natural choice for a language of communication between family members."
In the Zemo Alvani village in the Akhmeta region of Kakheti
信息不完整 “Tsova-Tush language attitudes and use” . Bryn Hauk, Bradley Rentz (2019)
Older speakers were more likely than younger speakers to report using Tsova-Tush.
Older speakers reported using Tsova-Tush in a more diverse set of domains than younger speakers.
– Domains of use fell along a scale (see e.g., Blommaert 2007) where Tsova-Tush is used the least at translocal levels (doctor
and work) and increasingly more often in more local levels.
– Even in the most local levels, with spouse or parents, Tsova-Tush was either always or never used.
– Reported use was greater with extended family than with children.
信息不完整 “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press
信息不完整 “Perception of Exuberant Exponence in Batsbi: Fuctional or Incidental?” (447-469) . Alice C. Harris and Arthur G. Samuel (2011) Linguistic Society of America
"Batsbi, an endangered language of the Nakh-Daghestanian family [...] is now spoken by perhaps only two or three hundred individuals."
"Batsbi (also known as Bats or Tsova-Tush) is a severely endangered language of the Nakh branch of the Nakh-Dagestanian language family."
Georgian; Russian
"All Batsbi people speak Georgian, and many also speak Russian; none of these three languages is related to the others. For several generations Batsbi people have attended schools taught in Georgian."
"Batsbi is spoken in the village of Zemo Alvani (Upper Alvani) in the Kakheti region of the Republic of Georgia."
信息不完整 “"Svan/Udi/Tsova-Tush" DoBES Project” . Jost Gippert and Wolfgang Schultze and Manana Tandashvili (2006)
"Only the older generation (older than 50) has a perfect competence of the language; younger adults can understand and speak it but their lexical competence is decreasing"
Georgian
Within one village of northeast Georgia