Southern Tepehuán
[aka Tepecano, O’dam, Audam]Classification: Uto-Aztecan
·threatened
Classification: Uto-Aztecan
·threatened
Tepecano, O’dam, Audam |
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Uto-Aztecan, Southern Uto-Aztecan, Tepiman |
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ISO 639-3; Glottolog |
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stp, tla; sout2975 |
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As csv |
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Information from: “Southern Tepehuan (Durango and Narayit, Mexico) - Language Snapshot” . Gabriela Garcia Salido & Michael Everdell (2020) , Peter K. Austin · ELPublishing
The Southeastern variety has by far the most speakers.
The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan.
Spanish
Southeastern Tepehuan is the most documented including a limited reference grammar; Audam has very little published grammatical descriptions; Central Tepehuan lacks any published documentation.
The Ministry of Public Education released orthographic standards
Information from: “Glottolog 2.3” . Hammarström, Harald & Forkel, Robert & Haspelmath, Martin & Nordhoff, Sebastian (2014)
Information from: “Clause Linkage in Southeastern Tepehuan, a Uto-Aztecan Language of Northern Mexico” . Gabriela Garcia Salido (2014)
"According to the 2010 census (INEGI: National Institute of Statistics and Geography) there are about 26,453 native speakers of Tepehuan (both Southeastern and Southwestern Tepehuan) living in the state of Durango... there are 1,972 registered speakers of Tepehuan living in Nayarit and 492 living in Zacatecas, resulting in a total of 28,917 speakers among the three states."
"[STP] is spoken in different contexts within the community such as family, religious ritual, and traditional government events... [it] is commonly spoken in informal (i.e., family) and formal contexts (i.e., ceremonies and traditional government events)."
"[STP] is characterized by not having a long tradition of writing."
Mexico
"[STP] is spoken in the region of Durango, Mexico (22°59' N Latitude, 104°31' W Longitude), principally in the towns of Santa María Ocotán, Xonocostle, and Mezquital."
Sources |
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Isbn | Series | Month | Edition | Num | Year | Title | Booktitle | Pages | Note | Editor | Howpublished | Publisher | Journal | Volume | Address | Institution | Chapter | Translator | School | Url | Author | Free Text Citation | Copied From | Older Adults | Ethnic Population | Young Adults | Private Comment | Speaker Number Text | Date Of Info | Speaker Number | Public Comment | Semi Speakers | Elders | Second Language Speakers | Domains Other Langs | Other Languages Used | Private Comment | Government Support | Speaker Attitude | Public Comment | Institutional Support | Number Speaker Other Languages | Endangerment Level | Transmission | Private Comment | Public Comment | Domains Of Use | Speaker Number Trends | Private Comment | Public Comment | Places | Description | Coordinates |
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SOURCE: “Clause Linkage in Southeastern Tepehuan, a Uto-Aztecan Language of Northern Mexico” . Gabriela Garcia Salido (2014) |
2014 | Glottolog 2.3 | Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology | http://glottolog.org | Hammarström, Harald & Forkel, Robert & Haspelmath, Martin & Nordhoff, Sebastian | Hammarström, Harald & Forkel, Robert & Haspelmath, Martin & Nordhoff, Sebastian. 2014. Glottolog 2.3. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at http://glottolog.org) | 23.26,-104.69; 23.16,-103.98; 19.23,-101.73; | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
ISSN: 1740-6234 | December | 2020 | Southern Tepehuan (Durango and Narayit, Mexico) - Language Snapshot | Peter K. Austin | ELPublishing | Language Documentation and Description | 19 | http://www.elpublishing.org/docs/1/19/ldd19_09.pdf | Gabriela Garcia Salido & Michael Everdell | Garcia Salido, Gabriela & Michael Everdell. 2020. Southern Tepehuan (Durango and Narayit, Mexico) - Language Snapshot. Language Documentation and Description 19, 87-98. http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/211 | 36,543 | 2015 | 10000-99999 | The Southeastern variety has by far the most speakers. | Spanish | Government agencies and public schools promote Spanish over Southern Tepehuan | Description and documentation is ongoing to train students and community members in linguistic & anthropological research methods, software, technology, and a growing corpus. | Southeastern Tepehuan is the most documented including a limited reference grammar; Audam has very little published grammatical descriptions; Central Tepehuan lacks any published documentation. | Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available) | 11 | The Southeastern variety is used in rural schools, church, parties, and at home. Central Tepehuan is not spoken by young people in school or at medical clinics, and Spanish is used bilingually at schools, jobs, markets, and in the city. Those who travel for work or move away permanently significantly decrease their use and transmission of Southern Tepehuan. | 11 | 12 | Southern Tepehuan is spoken primarily in Durango and Nayarit States in Mexico. Most speakers live in Mezquital and Pueblo Nuevo, in the Gran Nayar of Sierra Madre Occidental, in Durango State. The Southeastern variety is spoken in Santa María de Ocotán (Juktɨr), Santiago Teneraca (Chianarkam), San Francisco de Ocotán (Koxbilhim), Xoconoxtle (Nakaabtam), and their associated anexos. The Central variety is spoken in Santa María Magdalena de Taxicaringa and its anexos. The Southwestern variety is spoken in San Bernardino Milpillas Chico, San Francisco de Lajas (Aicham) and San Andrés Milpillas Grande, and their anexos. | 22.921014,-104.609572 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2014 | Clause Linkage in Southeastern Tepehuan, a Uto-Aztecan Language of Northern Mexico | The University of Texas at Austin | Gabriela Garcia Salido | 28,917 | 2010 | 10000-99999 | "According to the 2010 census (INEGI: National Institute of Statistics and Geography) there are about 26,453 native speakers of Tepehuan (both Southeastern and Southwestern Tepehuan) living in the state of Durango... there are 1,972 registered speakers of Tepehuan living in Nayarit and 492 living in Zacatecas, resulting in a total of 28,917 speakers among the three states." | "Almost all speakers of Tepehuan speak Spanish, but with different degrees of competence. This has resulted in a diglossic situation, where Spanish is the high prestige language and [STP] is the low one." | "[STP] is spoken in different contexts within the community such as family, religious ritual, and traditional government events... [it] is commonly spoken in informal (i.e., family) and formal contexts (i.e., ceremonies and traditional government events)." | Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available) | "[STP] is spoken in the region of Durango, Mexico (22°59' N Latitude, 104°31' W Longitude), principally in the towns of Santa María Ocotán, Xonocostle, and Mezquital." | Durango | Mexico | 25.4120847,-100.9430248; |