Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Malakula, Middle Nambas
CLASSIFICATION		Austronesian, Oceanic, Southern Oceanic, Central Vanuatu
CODE AUTHORITY		Glottolog
LANGUAGE CODE		malu1245
DOWNLOAD		As csv

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Information from: “Language Contexts: Malua (Malekula Island, Vanuatu)” (151-178) . Julie Barbour, Kanauhea Wessels, Joe McCarter (2018) , Peter K. Austin · EL Publishing

Endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
600
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 2018

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

EGIDS 6b-7

SPEAKER ATTITUDE

Vernacular language is the vehicle for expressing indigenous knowledge and social ties, and as such it is seen as having intrinsic value and worth knowing. Bislama is seen as encroaching on Malua, and as erasing traditional knowledge about kinship, places, the ecosystem, and skills. There is support for Malua-medium primary education.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Bislama
English

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

One of 25 active languages spoken on Malekula Island. Bislama-medium education is common through Grade 2, then education continues in English. Bislama is also the language of spiritual practice (Seventh Day Adventism), and is spoken in the home by wives from other communities.

PLACES: Malua Bay and Espiegles Bay, northwestern coast of Malekula Island, Vanuatu

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
500
Native speakers worldwide

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Vanuatu

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Malekula

PLACES: Vanuatu

		2014	Glottolog 2.3							Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology	http://glottolog.org	Hammarström, Harald & Forkel, Robert & Haspelmath, Martin & Nordhoff, Sebastian	Hammarström, Harald & Forkel, Robert & Haspelmath, Martin & Nordhoff, Sebastian. 2014. Glottolog 2.3. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at http://glottolog.org)												Vanuatu		-15.98, 167.21
Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia		2015	The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu	The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity	1–21	Alexandre François, Sebastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, and Stefan Schnell	Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access		Canberra		http://hdl.handle.net/1885/14819	Alexandre François, Michael Franjieh, Sebastien Lacrampe, and Stefan Schnell	Alexandre François, Michael Franjieh, Sebastien Lacrampe, and Stefan Schnell. 2015. The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu. In "The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity", ed. by Alexandre François, Sebastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, and Stefan Schnell. Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, 5. Canberra: Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access. Pp. 1–21. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/14819	500		100-999	Bislama, English, French			Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Vanuatu	Malekula
	July	2018	Language Contexts: Malua (Malekula Island, Vanuatu)	Language Documentation and Description	151-178	Peter K. Austin	EL Publishing	15	London		http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/164 http://www.elpublishing.org/docs/1/15/ldd15_06.pdf	Julie Barbour, Kanauhea Wessels, Joe McCarter		600	2018	100-999	Bislama, English	Vernacular language is the vehicle for expressing indigenous knowledge and social ties, and as such it is seen as having intrinsic value and worth knowing. Bislama is seen as encroaching on Malua, and as erasing traditional knowledge about kinship, places, the ecosystem, and skills. There is support for Malua-medium primary education.	One of 25 active languages spoken on Malekula Island. Bislama-medium education is common through Grade 2, then education continues in English. Bislama is also the language of spiritual practice (Seventh Day Adventism), and is spoken in the home by wives from other communities.	Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	11	EGIDS 6b-7	14	12	Malua Bay and Espiegles Bay, northwestern coast of Malekula Island, Vanuatu		-16.00, 167.18

Malua Bay

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

500

Discussion

Malua Bay

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

500

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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