Language Information by Source

Australia and the Pacific

Wurm, Stephen A. 2007. Australia and the Pacific. In Christopher Moseley, Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn., 424-557. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X

Endangered
40 percent certain, based on the evidence available
240
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 3

Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace.

3

Speakers

Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
No results found.
Older adults
No results found.
Elders
No results found.
Ethnic or community population
No results found.
Year information was gathered
No results found.
Comments on speakers
It is not closely related to other local languages. In 1992, there were 240 speakers, but they seem to be decreasing under pressure from Tagalog.

Location and Context

Countries
Philippines
Location Description

Eastern part of the wide neck section of Luzon which is north of Manila, in Aurora Province, to the west of Baler, and well northeast of Cabanatuan.

Government Support
No results found.
Institutional Support
No results found.
Speakers' Attitude
No results found.
Other Languages Used By The Community
Tagalog
Number of Other Language Speakers:
None
Domains of Other Languages:
None

Writing Systems

Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
No results found.
Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
No literacy in it.

Community Members