Also Known As:
Dargwa, Dargva, Dargi, Darginskiy, Sunglan ʁaj, Sunglan
Dialects & Varieties
A grammar of Sanzhi Dargwa
A grammar of Sanzhi Dargwa
Endangered
80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~250
Native Speakers Worldwide
Domains of Use
Domain Of Use 4
Used mainly only in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members.
4
Transmission
Transmission 1
Most adults in the community, and some children, are speakers.
1
Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
No results found.
Older adults
No results found.
Elders
No results found.
Ethnic or community population
No results found.
Year information was gathered
No results found.
Comments on speakers
"Women of the oldest generation (60 years and older) are the only group for whom Sanzhi is the dominant language. Men of the oldest generation as well as many members of the middle generation (age 30 to 60) are more or less balanced bilinguals, and use the two languages in accordance with the different functional domains (public/official vs. private/speech community).Russian becomes the dominant language at the latest when children start attending kindergarten. Therefore, they generally have a limited and mostly passive command of Sanzhi and prefer to speak only Russian. Sanzhi people of the young generation, including small children, speak predominantly Russian with each other."
Location and Context
Countries
Russia;
Location Description
"More than 40 years ago, all Sanzhi speakers left the village of Sanzhi, their village of origin, in the Caucasian Mountains. Sanzhi is located in the Dakhadayevskiy rayon in central Dagestan (today part of the Russian Federation), which is predominantly inhabited by speakers of Dargwa languages... Today, the majority of Sanzhi speakers live in the village of Druzhba in the Dagestanian lowlands (Kayakentskiy Rayon) and to a lesser extent in other settlements in Dagestan and other parts of Russia."
Government Support
No results found.
Institutional Support
"Mother-tongue education" available, but in Standard Dargwa, which is not mutually intelligible with Sanzhi Dargwa.
Speakers' Attitude
"Although the people have a positive language attitude and are proud of speaking their own language, Russian is considered to be not only more prestigious, but extremely necessary for the future of their children."
Other Languages Used By The Community
Russian
Number of Other Language Speakers:
All
Domains of Other Languages:
School, commerce, government, media, inter-group marriages
Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
None
Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
The language is not written.
Recent Resources
Message informatif
No results found.