সারসংক্ষেপ
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Language Information by Source

Source 1
Source 2
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Source 5
Red Book on Endangered Languages: Northeast Asia

Juha Janhunen; Tapani Salminen. 2000. "UNESCO RED BOOK ON ENDANGERED LANGUAGES: NORTHEAST ASIA." Online: http://www.helsinki.fi/~tasalmin/nasia_report.html

Critically Endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
About Vitality Level
<20
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 5

A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly.

5
Domains of Use

Domain Of Use 5

Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities.

5
Transmission

Transmission 5

There are only a few elderly speakers.

5
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Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
0
Older adults
0
Elders
No results found.
Ethnic or community population
~5,000,000
Year information was gathered
No results found.
Comments on speakers
Degree of speakers' competence: mainly rudimentary, with some non-fluent individuals still preserving a passive knowledge of the language; the knowledge of Written Manchu is somewhat more common among educated individuals, but Chinese is the sole everyday language used for both oral and literary purposes.

Location and Context
Countries
China
Location Description

Originally scattered all over historical Manchuria, China, with small remnant groups of speakers today preserved in the Aihui region (in the middle Amur basin) and Fuyu county (in the Nonni basin) of the province of Heilongjiang, as well as, possibly, in some localities within the province of Liaoning; linguistically assimilated groups and individuals identifying themselves with the Manchu nationality are registered in all parts of China.

Government Support
No results found.
Institutional Support
No results found.
Speakers' Attitude
No results found.
Other Languages Used By The Community
Chinese
Number of Other Language Speakers:
all
Domains of Other Languages:
None

Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
Manchu script
Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
No results found.

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