Adang
[aka Alor,]Classification: Timor-Alor-Pantar
·endangered
Classification: Timor-Alor-Pantar
·endangered
Alor |
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Timor-Alor-Pantar, Alor |
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Information from: “The Grammar of Adang: A Papuan Language Spoken on the Island of Alor East Nusa Tenggara - Indonesia” . Johnson Welem Haan (2001)
Some situational variations or registers of Adang like pohang, pepel and baneharl no longer exist. Only two or three Adang speakers still have the knowledge of these language varieties. These varieties are no longer used in gatherings or events where they were formerly used. Such events are, for example, harvesting time for 'pepel' and also 'pohang'. One variety of Adang normally found in a traditional dance called 'holeng holeng' seems to have become extinct with the loss of the traditional dance itself.
Indonesian
Parents tend to teach and speak Bahasa Indonesia, rather than Adang, with their children. The reason is not only in order to make their children able to communicate with people from other language speaking backgrounds but also because Bahasa Indonesia is regarded as more prestigious than local languages. Therefore, the number of Adang speakers is decreasing very fast. The migration of Adang speakers to other places also contributes to the rapid decline in the number of Adang speakers.
The villages where Adang speakers live are Adang-Buom, located on the western border of Kalabahi, the capital of Alor regency, and Pitung bang (O't fai) north of Kalabahi. Other villages where Adang speakers live are Kenarilang, O'a, Afeng Male (Bang Palol), 'Eh don, Aimoli, Adang-Kokar, Bot Bag (Bota), Alila and Bu Mol.
Along the coastal area, to the west of Kalabahi, Adang speakers mix with the speakers of the Alor language, which is the only Austronesian language in Alor. They also mix with the speakers of Pura (Blagar) and Reta, who have recently migrated from the islands of Pura and Ternate. The speakers of Alor, however, mostly live in the villages of Dulolong, Ampera, Alor Kecil and Alor Besar. They are also found in some parts of the islands of Pantar, Marica and Ternate, and in the islands of Tereweng and Buaya.
Information from: “Adang” . Laura C. Robinson and John W. Haan (2014) De Gruyter
"Adang is an endangered language; parents are choosing to teach their children Indonesian (and Alor Malay) instead of Adang. Certain special registers of Adang have disappeared entirely (Haan 2001: 6), and an experimental study shows that even supposedly bilingual young adults are beginning to lose proficiency in Adang (Hamilton et al. 2013)."
Indonesian
Alor Malay
Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition (2013)” . Paul M. Lewis; Gary F. Simons; and Charles D. Fennig · Dallas, Texas: SIL International
Ethnologue (2013) lists the vitality of Adang as: 6a (Vigorous)
Information from: “Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger” . Christopher Moseley (ed.) (2010) UNESCO Publishing