Southern Northeastern Neo-Aramaic
[aka Assyrian, NENA]Classification: Afro-Asiatic
·threatened
Classification: Afro-Asiatic
·threatened
Comprised of Syriac Orthodox, Syriac Catholic, Chaldean Catholic, Assyrian, in the area around Mosul (Nineveh Plains, Dohuk, etc.).
Assyrian, NENA |
||
Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Aramaic |
||
LINGUIST List |
||
0xs |
||
As csv |
Information from: “ The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Qaraqosh” . Khan, Geoffrey (2002) Brill
The young generations in several of these [Neo-Aramaic] communities are beginning to lose grasp of their dialect.
Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades.
Arabic
Many of the Aramaic dialects of the communities on the Moqul plain are in a precarious situation since they are rapidly becoming overwhelmed by Arabic.
There is a considerable influence of Arabic on the Neo-Aramaic dialect that is heard spoken nowadays. Most people introduce Arabic words and phrases into their Aramaic speech without any adaptation to Aramaic morphology. A policy of arabicization has been pursued among among the minority communities in Iraq in recent decades. Following government requirements, the school education of children over the last generation has been only in Arabic. Although the dialect has clearly been exposed to the influence of Arabic over many generations, this influence has never been so overwhelming as it is at present.
There are no written records of the Neo-Aramaic dialect of Qaraqosh from earlier sources.
Qaraqosh is a small town that lies on the plain about eighteen miles east of Mosul. Almost all inhabitants are Christian.
In the 20th century a large number of people left the town to settle in the Iraqi cities in order to seek higher education and employment. In recent years, the deteriorating economic and political situation has led many inhabitants of Qaraqosh to emigrate abroad, mainly to North American, England and Australia. This trend increased dramatically after the Gulf War in 1991.
Information from: “Der neuostaramäische Dialekt von Bespin” . Sinha, Jasmin (2000) Harrassowitz
Information from: “ Ein Teufel im Kloster: Texte im christlich-neuaramäischen Dialekt von Nerwa (Nordirak)” (125-169) . Talay, Shabo (2002)
Information from: “A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Kurdistan: Texts, Grammar and Vocabulary” . Georg Krotkoff (1982) New Haven: American Oriental Society
Arabic
discusses the dialect of the town of Aradhin most completely.
Information from: “Personal Communication” . Charles Häberl (2013)
Sources |
---|
Isbn | Series | Month | Edition | Num | Year | Title | Booktitle | Pages | Note | Editor | Howpublished | Publisher | Journal | Volume | Address | Institution | Chapter | Translator | School | Url | Author | Free Text Citation | Copied From | Older Adults | Ethnic Population | Young Adults | Private Comment | Speaker Number Text | Date Of Info | Speaker Number | Public Comment | Semi Speakers | Elders | Second Language Speakers | Domains Other Langs | Other Languages Used | Private Comment | Government Support | Speaker Attitude | Public Comment | Institutional Support | Number Speaker Other Languages | Endangerment Level | Transmission | Private Comment | Public Comment | Domains Of Use | Speaker Number Trends | Private Comment | Public Comment | Places | Description | Coordinates |
---|
SOURCE: “A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Kurdistan: Texts, Grammar and Vocabulary” . Georg Krotkoff (1982) New Haven: American Oriental Society |
SOURCE: “Der neuostaramäische Dialekt von Bespin” . Sinha, Jasmin (2000) Harrassowitz |
SOURCE: “Personal Communication” . Charles Häberl (2013) |
SOURCE: “ The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Qaraqosh” . Khan, Geoffrey (2002) Brill |
American Oriental Series | 1982 | A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Kurdistan: Texts, Grammar and Vocabulary | New Haven: American Oriental Society | 64 | Georg Krotkoff | Krotkoff, Georg. 1982. "A Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Kurdistan: Texts, Grammar and Vocabulary." 64: New Haven: American Oriental Society. | HHOLD | 1959 | Arabic | discusses the dialect of the town of Aradhin most completely. | Iraqi Kurdistan | 37.7, 43.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Semitica Viva | 2000 | Der neuostaramäische Dialekt von Bespin | Eine grammatische Darstellung | Harrassowitz | 24 | Wiesbaden | Sinha, Jasmin | Sinha, Jasmin. 2000. Der neuostaramäische Dialekt von Bespin (Provinz Mardin, Südosttürkei). Eine grammatische Darstellung. Semitica Viva 24 (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz). | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | Personal Communication | Charles Häberl | Charles Häberl. 2013. "Personal Communication." | Iraq, Syria, Georgia, United States | 36.34, 43.13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2002 | Ein Teufel im Kloster: Texte im christlich-neuaramäischen Dialekt von Nerwa (Nordirak) | 125-169 | Mediterranean Language Review | 14 | https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13173/medilangrevi.14.2002.0125 | Talay, Shabo | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2002 | The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Qaraqosh | Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics | Brill | 36 | Leiden, Boston | Khan, Geoffrey | Khan, Geoffrey. 2002. The Neo-Aramaic Dialect of Qaraqosh. Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics 36 (Leiden, Boston: Brill). | The young generations in several of these [Neo-Aramaic] communities are beginning to lose grasp of their dialect. | Arabic | Many of the Aramaic dialects of the communities on the Moqul plain are in a precarious situation since they are rapidly becoming overwhelmed by Arabic. There is a considerable influence of Arabic on the Neo-Aramaic dialect that is heard spoken nowadays. Most people introduce Arabic words and phrases into their Aramaic speech without any adaptation to Aramaic morphology. A policy of arabicization has been pursued among among the minority communities in Iraq in recent decades. Following government requirements, the school education of children over the last generation has been only in Arabic. Although the dialect has clearly been exposed to the influence of Arabic over many generations, this influence has never been so overwhelming as it is at present. | no | Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available) | Differences in speech patterns have developed between the older and younger generations, in that the younger residents of the town, who have been through the modern education system, tend to mix more Arabic in their speech than the older generations. Some younger speakers can avoid introducing a large quantity of unadapted Arabic elements into their speech by a concious effort. Others, however, are beginning to lose a sound active grasp of the Aramaic dialect. If this situation continues, there is a serious danger that knowledge of the dialect will be lost by the future generations over the next few decades. | 12 | Qaraqosh is a small town that lies on the plain about eighteen miles east of Mosul. Almost all inhabitants are Christian. In the 20th century a large number of people left the town to settle in the Iraqi cities in order to seek higher education and employment. In recent years, the deteriorating economic and political situation has led many inhabitants of Qaraqosh to emigrate abroad, mainly to North American, England and Australia. This trend increased dramatically after the Gulf War in 1991. |