Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Assiniboin, Stoney, Hohe, Assinaboin, Nakon
CLASSIFICATION		Siouan, Mississippi Valley Siouan, Dakota
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		asb
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.

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Information from: “North America” (7-41) . Victor Golla and Ives Goddard and Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco (2008) , Chris Moseley and Ron Asher · Routledge

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
<150
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
3,500
OLDER ADULTS
None under 40 and most elderly.
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.

PLACES: Montana, Saskatchewan

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Spoken on two reservations in Montana—Fort Belknap and Fort Peck—and on three reserves in Saskatchewan—Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head.

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
250
Native speakers worldwide

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
150
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
3,500
CHILDREN
0
YOUNG ADULTS
0

DOMAINS OF USE
SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: Courses in Assiniboine are taught at Fort Belknap Community College.

PLACES: Montana (Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations), Saskatchewan (Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head reservations)

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
250
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
5000
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
There are 250 speakers in Canada. Data for the number of speakers and the ethnic population comes from D. Parks (1997).

DATE OF INFO: 1997

PLACES: USA; Canada;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: West central and southeast Saskatchewan (Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head), south Saskatchewan (part of Carry-the-Kettle and Whitebear).

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: West central and southeast Saskatchewan (Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head), south Saskatchewan (part of Carry-the-Kettle and Whitebear).

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
230
Native speakers worldwide

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
150
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
3500

DATE OF INFO: 2007

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Canada, USA

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS

Canada: Saskatchewan province: part of Carry-the-Kettle, Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head, and Whitebear.

USA, Montana: Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations.

		16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis		SIL International	Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		5000		250	1997	100-999	There are 250 speakers in Canada. Data for the number of speakers and the ethnic population comes from D. Parks (1997).				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				West central and southeast Saskatchewan (Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head), south Saskatchewan (part of Carry-the-Kettle and Whitebear).	USA; Canada;	West central and southeast Saskatchewan (Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head), south Saskatchewan (part of Carry-the-Kettle and Whitebear).
			2016	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig	online	SIL International	Dallas, Texas	http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2016. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth edition (2016). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.			3500		150	2007	100-999		English			Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15		15	Canada: Saskatchewan province: part of Carry-the-Kettle, Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head, and Whitebear. USA, Montana: Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations.	Canada, USA
		3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing	Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub				230		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)							48.4466,-114.8783
			2008	North America	Atlas of the World's Languages	7-41	Chris Moseley and Ron Asher		Routledge	London		Victor Golla and Ives Goddard and Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco	Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.		None under 40 and most elderly.	3,500		<150		100-999	Dakotan is a Siouan dialect complex, with three well defined dialect areas: Stoney, currently spoken in southwestern Alberta; Assinibone, in southern Saskatchewan and northern Montana; and Sioux, spoken widely in North and South Dakota, Minnesota, and in southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan. Intelligibility between these dialect areas is low, although speakers can communicate after a while with some difficulty, and they are perhaps best considered emergent languages.			On the Saskatchewan reserves Cree is widely spoken and many of the Assiniboine speakers are fluent in it.	Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Montana, Saskatchewan	Spoken on two reservations in Montana—Fort Belknap and Fort Peck—and on three reserves in Saskatchewan—Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear’s Head.
		2nd edition	2010	Endangered Languages of the United States	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger of Disappearing	108-130	Christopher Moseley		UNESCO	Paris		Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell	Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell. 2010. "Endangered Languages of the United States." In Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger of Disappearing, edited by Christopher Moseley. 108-130. UNESCO.																			48.4466,-114.8783; 50.3536,-103.4841
				World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.					250		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
070071197X	3	1	2007	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages					Routledge	Abingdon		Christopher Moseley	Moseley, Christopher. 2007. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X	ll_pub		3,500	0	150		100-999		English, Cree	Courses in Assiniboine are taught at Fort Belknap Community College.	Many Assiniboine speakers on the Saskatchewan reserves are fluent in Cree	Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	15	15		Montana (Fort Belknap and Fort Peck reservations), Saskatchewan (Whitebear, Carry the Kettle, and Mosquito-Grizzly Bear's Head reservations)

Assiniboine

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

250

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

250

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

230

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Discussion

Assiniboine

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

250

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

250

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

230

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

150

Discussion

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