• Endangered

  40 percent certain, based on the evidence available

• ~250

  Native speakers worldwide
• Ethnic population

  ~500

• MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS

  About 500 group members including 189 in Vietnam; about half speakers.

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

Included in the Chứt ethnic minority in Vietnam, and formerly hunter-gatherers. Sometimes called Kha Tong Luang (‘slaves of the yellow leaves’) in Laos, not to be confused with the Mlabri.

PLACES

Vietnam and Laos

LOCATION DESCRIPTION

Vietnam: western Tuyen Hoa Province; Laos: eastern Khammouan Province.