Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Hamar, Mhar, Hmari
CLASSIFICATION		Sino-Tibetan, Kukish
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		hmr
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “The Languages of Manipur: A case study of the Kuki-Chin Languages” (85-118) . Pauthang Haokip (2011)

Vulnerable

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available
83,404
Native speakers worldwide

DOMAINS OF USE
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: "Hmar is taught up to graduate level in Manipur and Assam. Recently, the Academic Council of Assam University passed a resolution to introduce Hmar in colleges of Assam under its affiliation. Hmar speakers of Manipur use Manipuri while Assamese and Bengali are used in Assam. Ethnic Hmars living in Mizoram speak Mizo as their first language. The All India Radio station at Imphal also broadcasts Hmar programs for 25 minutes daily." (pg. 94)

PLACES: India

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Manipur and Assam

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: "Hmar speakers are scattered over a vast area comprising Northern Mizoram, Churachandpur district of Manipur and parts of N. C. Hills and Cachar districts in Assam." (pg. 94)

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: General bilingualism in Assamese

PLACES: India: Assam state, Cachar hills

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~50,000
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 1997

MORE ON VITALITY

Language is vulnerable in India.

83,404
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 2001

			2007	South Asia and the Middle East	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	283-348	Christopher Moseley		London & New York: Routledge					George van Driem	George van Driem. 2007. "South Asia and the Middle East." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 283-348. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD				Assamese	General bilingualism in Assamese						India: Assam state, Cachar hills
	April	1	2011	The Languages of Manipur: A case study of the Kuki-Chin Languages		85-118				Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area	34			Pauthang Haokip	Haokip, Puathang. 2011. The Languages of Manipur: A case study of the Kuki-Chin Languages. Linguistics of the Tibeto-Burman Area 34(1): 85-118.		83,404			Manipuri, Assamese, Bengali, Mizo	"Hmar is taught up to graduate level in Manipur and Assam. Recently, the Academic Council of Assam University passed a resolution to introduce Hmar in colleges of Assam under its affiliation. Hmar speakers of Manipur use Manipuri while Assamese and Bengali are used in Assam. Ethnic Hmars living in Mizoram speak Mizo as their first language. The All India Radio station at Imphal also broadcasts Hmar programs for 25 minutes daily." (pg. 94)	Vulnerable (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	11		10	"Hmar speakers are scattered over a vast area comprising Northern Mizoram, Churachandpur district of Manipur and parts of N. C. Hills and Cachar districts in Assam." (pg. 94)	India	Manipur and Assam
			2001	Census of India: Distribution of the 100 Non-Scheduled Languages of India	Census of India								http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/partb.htm				83,404	2001
			2012	Personal Communication				Personal Communication						Gregory Anderson	Gregory Anderson. 2012. "Personal Communication."		~50,000	1997	10000-99999			Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		Language is vulnerable in India.
0199255911			2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer		Oxford University Press			New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.														24.1666666667,93.0

Hmar

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

83,404

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~50,000

83,404

Discussion

Hmar

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

83,404

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~50,000

83,404

Discussion

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