Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Haria, Kharvi, Khatria, Kheria, Khadia, Khariya, Khaɽia
CLASSIFICATION		Austro-Asiatic, Munda, South Munda, Kharia-Juang
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		khr
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Mirdha-Kharia Dhelki Kharia Dudh Kharia
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS		Thriving in some areas, endangered in others; the reported numbers of speakers are probably too low.

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Information from: “A Grammar of Kharia: A South Munda Language” . John Peterson (2011) Leiden: Brill

Vulnerable

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
100,000
Native speakers worldwide

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language." (p.6)

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Sadri; Hindi; Mundari; Kurukh

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

"its speakers are in daily contact with speakers of Sadri, the traditional lingua franca of the region, and Hindi (both Indo-Aryan), Mundari (North-Munda) and Kurukh (North Dravidian)"

PLACES: India

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "eastern central India in the southwestern areas of the state of Jharkhand (mainly in the districts Simdeg and Gumla) and adjoining areas of the stats of Chattisgarh (primarily in the districts Surguja, Jashpur and Raigarh) and Orissa (especially in Sundargarh District)"

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
Approximately 200,000
Native speakers worldwide

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
>190,000
Native speakers worldwide

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: Bilingualism with majority languages is widespread.

PLACES: Chota Nagpur, Orissa, West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
239,608
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 2001 (census data)

	2007	South Asia and the Middle East	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	283-348	Christopher Moseley	London & New York: Routledge				George van Driem	George van Driem. 2007. "South Asia and the Middle East." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 283-348. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD	>190,000		100000		Bilingualism with majority languages is widespread.		At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Chota Nagpur, Orissa, West Bengal, Bihar, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh
	2014	Munda Languages Project						Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Languages	http://www.livingtongues.org/hotspots/hotspot.GSA.munda.html				Approximately 200,000		100000				At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
	2001	Census of India: Distribution of the 100 Non-Scheduled Languages of India	Census of India						http://www.censusindia.gov.in/Census_Data_2001/Census_Data_Online/Language/partb.htm				239,608	2001 (census data)	100000				At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
													239,608	2001 (census data)	100000				At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
0199255911	2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press	New York				2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.															22.5,84.3333333333
9789004187207	2011	A Grammar of Kharia: A South Munda Language				Leiden: Brill				John Peterson	Peterson, John. 2011. A Grammar of Kharia: A South Munda Language. (Brill's Studies in South and Southwest Asian Languages.) Leiden: Brill.				100000	Sadri; Hindi; Mundari; Kurukh	"its speakers are in daily contact with speakers of Sadri, the traditional lingua franca of the region, and Hindi (both Indo-Aryan), Mundari (North-Munda) and Kurukh (North Dravidian)"	all (no monolinguals)	Vulnerable (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	10	"Nevertheless, the language probably has more speakers now than at any other point in its history due to the size of the ethnic Kharia population, although it seems that an ever-increasing percentage of this population is choosing to rear their children in either Hindi or Sadri, so that many ethnic Kharai have neither an active nor a passive command of the language." (p.6)	12	11	India	"eastern central India in the southwestern areas of the state of Jharkhand (mainly in the districts Simdeg and Gumla) and adjoining areas of the stats of Chattisgarh (primarily in the districts Surguja, Jashpur and Raigarh) and Orissa (especially in Sundargarh District)"

Kharia

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

100,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

Approximately 200,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

>190,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

239,608

Discussion

Kharia

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

100,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

Approximately 200,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

>190,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

239,608

Discussion

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Sources of information

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