Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Anung, Anoong, Añú, Nu, Lu, Lutzu, Lutze, Kiutze, Khanung, Kwinp'ang, Khupang, Kwingsang, Fuch'ye, Anu, Nu-tzŭ, Kuhpang, 阿儂語, ရဝမ်
CLASSIFICATION		Sino-Tibetan, Nungish
ORTHOGRAPHY		no in China but yes in Myanmar
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		nun
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Gwaza Cholo Miko
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “A grammar of Anong: Language death under intense contact” . Hongkai Sun and Guangkun Liu (2009) Boston: Brill Academic Publishers

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~ 4040 (40 in China)
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
7,000 in China
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
classified under the Nu (怒) nationality in China. Both the Trung and the Nung of the Nu ethnicity call themselves "Anong". There are a total of 7000 people of the Nung ethnicity in China, with 2,200 in Shangpa Township (上帕鎮), 1100 in Zilijia Township (子里甲鄉), 2,100 in Lumadeng Township (鹿馬登鄉) and 2,200 in Lishadi Township (力沙底鄉).

DOMAINS OF USE
SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
SPEAKER ATTITUDE: neutral
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT: no
INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT: no
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: All bilingual in Lisu which serves as the dominant language; people who went to school also speak a local Chinese dialect; intermarriage with Lisu is very common.
Scripts (Writing system): no in China but yes in Myanmar
More on Orthography: Joel Kopang has developed a writing system for Anong spoken in Myanmar.

PLACES: China; Myanmar

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Fugong County in the Nujiang Lisu Prefecture of Yunnan Province in China (中國雲南省怒江傈僳族自治州福貢縣).

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
790
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"400 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley)... Ethnic population: 6,000 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley)."

PLACES: Myanmar; China;

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~ 3,400 (50-60 speakers in China)
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
17,300 (7300 in China)
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
classified under the Nu nationality in China, but the Rawang ethnic group in Myanmar

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: Lisu and Chinese in China; Mvtwang Rawang, Jinghpaw Kachin and Burmese in Myanmar

PLACES: China; Myanmar

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: central Fugong county in Yunnan, China; southeastern Putao of northeastern Kachin State, Myanmar.

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8,500
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
790
Native speakers worldwide

		3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing	Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		8,500	1000-9999									Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)						27.2,98.6333
			2007	East and Southeast Asia	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	349-424	C. Moseley	London & New York: Routledge				David Bradley	Bradley, David. 2007. "East and Southeast Asia." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 349-424. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD	17,300 (7300 in China)	~ 3,400 (50-60 speakers in China)	1000-9999	classified under the Nu nationality in China, but the Rawang ethnic group in Myanmar	all	Lisa; Chinese; Rawang; Jinghpaw; Burmese			Lisu and Chinese in China; Mvtwang Rawang, Jinghpaw Kachin and Burmese in Myanmar		all	Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				China; Myanmar	central Fugong county in Yunnan, China; southeastern Putao of northeastern Kachin State, Myanmar.
978-9004176867	Brill's Tibetan Studies Library		2009	A grammar of Anong: Language death under intense contact				Boston: Brill Academic Publishers		Li, Fengxiang, Ela Thurgood and Graham Thurgood		Hongkai Sun and Guangkun Liu	Hongkai Sun and Guangkun Liu. 2009. "A Grammar of Anong: Language Death Under Intense Contact." Boston: Brill Academic Publishers.		7,000 in China	~ 4040 (40 in China)	1000-9999	classified under the Nu (怒) nationality in China. Both the Trung and the Nung of the Nu ethnicity call themselves "Anong". There are a total of 7000 people of the Nung ethnicity in China, with 2,200 in Shangpa Township (上帕鎮), 1100 in Zilijia Township (子里甲鄉), 2,100 in Lumadeng Township (鹿馬登鄉) and 2,200 in Lishadi Township (力沙底鄉).	all	Lisu and Chinese (for Anong of China)	no	neutral	All bilingual in Lisu which serves as the dominant language; people who went to school also speak a local Chinese dialect; intermarriage with Lisu is very common.	no	all	Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	15	15	China; Myanmar	Fugong County in the Nujiang Lisu Prefecture of Yunnan Province in China (中國雲南省怒江傈僳族自治州福貢縣).	27.100, 98.700
				World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			790	100-999									Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International	Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		790	100-999	"400 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley)... Ethnic population: 6,000 in Myanmar (2000 D. Bradley)."								Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Myanmar; China;

Anong

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~ 4040 (40 in China)

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

790

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~ 3,400 (50-60 speakers in China)

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8,500

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

790

Discussion

Anong

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~ 4040 (40 in China)

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

790

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~ 3,400 (50-60 speakers in China)

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8,500

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

790

Discussion

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