Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Ḥarsūsī, Harsusi, Hersyet, Harsi `Aforit
CLASSIFICATION		Afro-Asiatic, Semitic, Modern South Arabian
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		hss
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “Africa” ( ch. 7) . Gerrit J. Dimmendaal and F. K. Erhard Voeltz (2007) , Christopher Moseley · Routledge

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~700
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"An estimated 700 speakers left in the 1970s. This estimate was made, however, during a period when many people had left their region to work in oil wells. The actual number of speakers may therefore be higher."

DATE OF INFO: 1970

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
600
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Oman;

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
3,000
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,500
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
600
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
600

Dormant
Likely dormant
Native speakers worldwide

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Spoken in Oman by the Harasis and the 'Ifar in a region called Jiddat al-Harasis, in northeast Dhofar, Oman.

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~600
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
The speaker number of no more than 600 put forth in Johnstone 1977:x was made during the period when many Harasís had left their region to go and work in oil wells. Since then, the founding of the National park in Jiddat alHarasís provided employment and gave the possibility to many emigrants to come back, and thus putting off the danger of the disappearance of their language which was quite real in the seventies.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related. Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army).

PLACES: Yemen, Oman

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Spoken by the Harasís and the ‘Ifar, in the area of Jiddat al-Harasís (north-east of Dhofar)

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
<1,000
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Oman

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Spoken in Jiddat al-Ḥarāsīs in Oman

		May		5469	2000	Learning the World's Languages Before They Vanish		1156-1159			Science	288			http://www.jstor.org/stable/3075227?origin=JSTOR-pdf	Bernice Wuethrich	Wuethrich, Bernice. 2000. "Learning the World's Languages Before They Vanish." In Science, 288: 1156-1159. Online: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3075227?origin=JSTOR-pdf.		600	600		100-999				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
	Routledge Language Family Series				1997	The Modern South Arabian Languages	The Semitic Languages	378-423	Robert Hetzron	London & New York: Routledge						Marie-Claude Simeone-Simelle	Simeone-Simelle, Marie-Claude. 1997. "The Modern South Arabian Languages." In The Semitic Languages, edited by Robert Hetzron. 378-423. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD		~600		100-999	The speaker number of no more than 600 put forth in Johnstone 1977:x was made during the period when many Harasís had left their region to go and work in oil wells. Since then, the founding of the National park in Jiddat alHarasís provided employment and gave the possibility to many emigrants to come back, and thus putting off the danger of the disappearance of their language which was quite real in the seventies.	Arabic	Native speakers use their mother tongue for private purposes, in the family circle and with other speakers of the same language; many a speaker uses several MSAL, when these languages are closely related. Both in Oman and in the Yemen, Arabic is the language used for official intercourse (administration, school, army).	Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Yemen, Oman	Spoken by the Harasís and the ‘Ifar, in the area of Jiddat al-Harasís (north-east of Dhofar)
0199255911					2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press			New York				2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.												20.0,56.5
			16		2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International			Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		600		100-999				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Oman;
			3rd		2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing			Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		3,000		1000-9999				Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)			19.9372,56.2637
						Glottolog									http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/		"Glottolog." Online: http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/.												19.65, 56.16
9783447050975	Semitica Viva			34	2004	Harsusi Texts from Oman Based on the Field Materials of T. M. Johnstone				Harrassowitz			Wiesbaden			Harry Stroomer	Harry Stroomer. 2004. "Harsusi Texts From Oman Based On the Field Materials of T. M. Johnstone." Harrassowitz.			Likely dormant						Dormant		Spoken in Oman by the Harasis and the 'Ifar in a region called Jiddat al-Harasis, in northeast Dhofar, Oman.
						World Oral Literature Project									http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			1,500		1000-9999				Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
3447067365	Semitica Viva			52	2012	The Structure of Mehri				Harrassowitz			Wiesbaden			Janet C.E. Watson	Janet C.E. Watson. 2012. "The Structure of Mehri." Harrassowitz.			<1,000		100-999				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Oman	Spoken in Jiddat al-Ḥarāsīs in Oman
9780700711970					2007	Africa	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages		Christopher Moseley	Routledge				7		Gerrit J. Dimmendaal and F. K. Erhard Voeltz	Dimmendaal, Gerrit J. and F. K. Erhard Voeltz. 2007. "Africa." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by Christopher Moseley. Routledge.			~700	1970	100-999	"An estimated 700 speakers left in the 1970s. This estimate was made, however, during a period when many people had left their region to work in oil wells. The actual number of speakers may therefore be higher."	Mehri, Arabic		Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Ḥarsusi

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~700

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3,000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,500

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Dormant

Likely dormant

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~600

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<1,000

Discussion

Ḥarsusi

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~700

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3,000

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,500

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Dormant

Likely dormant

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~600

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<1,000

Discussion

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