Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Yarnango, Yan-Nhangu, Nangu, Yanangu, Djinaŋ, Gunbirrdji, Gunbirri, Jaer-nungo, Jan:angu, Janango, Janjango, Jarnangu, Malara, Malarra, Murrungun, Murruŋun, Nango, Yaernungo, Yaerungo, Yanango, Yannangu, Yannaŋu, Yannhangu, Yannhaŋu, Yarenango,Jarnango
CLASSIFICATION		Pama-Nyungan, Yolngu
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		jay
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Gurjindi Garmalangga Mälarra
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (7)

Information from: “Yan-nhaŋu Language Documentation and Revitalisation” ( ch. 30) . Claire Bowern and Bentley James (2010) Sydney University Press

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
265
Native speakers worldwide
SEMI SPEAKERS
204
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"Yan-nhaŋu itself is not a homogeneous language (Bowern 2008). There are six patrilectal or clan varieties; three are Dhuwa, three Yirritja. [...] In addition to the small number of fluent speakers between the ages of 40 and 80 there are approximately 150 heritage owners with patrilineal ancestral connections to Yan-nhaŋu language, land, sea and madayin (sacred paraphernalia), and a further 120 Yirritja Burrara/Yan-nhaŋu (Gamal, Gidjingali, and Anbarra) people with language ownership rights."

SPEAKER ATTITUDE: Yan-nhaŋu language learning is not a high priority for heritage owners
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: "Yan-nhaŋu has very low prestige at Milingimbi outside the Yan-nhaŋu clans."

PLACES: Crocodile Islands of North- Eastern Arnhem

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "It is a member of the Nhaŋu dialect cluster spoken from the Crocodile Islands in the west to the Wessel Islands in the east."

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
40
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
(Black 1983)

PLACES: Australia;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Northern Territory, 2 of westernmost Crocodile Islands, adjacent to Cape Stewart, Maningrida and Milingimbi.

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
61
Native speakers worldwide

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
40
Native speakers worldwide

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
7
Native speakers worldwide

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
40
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"In 1983, possibly forty speakers were reported."

DATE OF INFO: 1983

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered."

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Djambarrpuyngu
Gupapuyngu
Burarra

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

"The speakers generally speak the closely related large lingua franco Djambarrpuyngu, or also closley related Gupapuyngu, or Burarra."

PLACES: Australia: Northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, on two of the most western Crocodile Islands, adjacent to Cape Stewart, Maningrida and Millingimbi.

		16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International	Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	40		10-99	(Black 1983)							Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Australia;	Northern Territory, 2 of westernmost Crocodile Islands, adjacent to Cape Stewart, Maningrida and Milingimbi.
			2011	How many languages were spoken in Australia?		Also includes subsequent additions by CB directly into ElCat					http://anggarrgoon.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/austlangs-masterlanguagelist-dec2011.xlsx	Claire Bowern	Claire Bowern. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?" Online: http://anggarrgoon.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/austlangs-masterlanguagelist-dec2011.xlsx.																			-12.0253188,134.9636469
9781920899554			2010	Yan-nhaŋu Language Documentation and Revitalisation	Re-Awakening Languages			Sydney University Press		30		Claire Bowern and Bentley James	Claire Bowern and Bentley James. 2010. "Yan-nhaŋu Language Documentation and Revitalisation." In Re-Awakening Languages, Sydney University Press.		265		100-999	"Yan-nhaŋu itself is not a homogeneous language (Bowern 2008). There are six patrilectal or clan varieties; three are Dhuwa, three Yirritja. [...] In addition to the small number of fluent speakers between the ages of 40 and 80 there are approximately 150 heritage owners with patrilineal ancestral connections to Yan-nhaŋu language, land, sea and madayin (sacred paraphernalia), and a further 120 Yirritja Burrara/Yan-nhaŋu (Gamal, Gidjingali, and Anbarra) people with language ownership rights."	204	In the public domain Djambarrpuyŋu is the lingua franca among Yolŋu at Milingimbi, and English is used with the non-Indigenous school and government service providers, such as store managers, teachers and nurses	Dhuwal, Djambarrpuyŋu, Gupapuyŋu, English	Yan-nhaŋu language learning is not a high priority for heritage owners	"Yan-nhaŋu has very low prestige at Milingimbi outside the Yan-nhaŋu clans."		Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Crocodile Islands of North- Eastern Arnhem	"It is a member of the Nhaŋu dialect cluster spoken from the Crocodile Islands in the west to the Wessel Islands in the east."
		3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing	Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub	61		10-99								Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
				Austlang: Australian Indigenous Languages Database				AIATSIS	Canberra		http://austlang.aiatsis.gov.au		AUSTLANG: Australian Indigenous Languages Database. (19 October, 2009.)	ll_pub	7		1-9								Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
				World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.		40		10-99								Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
070071197X	3	1	2007	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages				Routledge	Abingdon			Christopher Moseley	Moseley, Christopher. 2007. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X	ll_pub	40	1983	10-99	"In 1983, possibly forty speakers were reported."			Djambarrpuyngu, Gupapuyngu, Burarra		"The speakers generally speak the closely related large lingua franco Djambarrpuyngu, or also closley related Gupapuyngu, or Burarra."	All	Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	"The number of speakers has been decreasing, and the language is seriously endangered."	13	15	Australia: Northern Northern Territory, northern Arnhem Land, on two of the most western Crocodile Islands, adjacent to Cape Stewart, Maningrida and Millingimbi.

Yan-nhangu

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

265

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

61

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

7

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Discussion

Yan-nhangu

Language metadata

Language information by source

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

265

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

61

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

7

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Discussion

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