Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Kakolo
CLASSIFICATION		Niger-Congo, Mande, Western Mande
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		xkg
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
15,000
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
21,500
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Data for the number of native speakers comes from V. Vydrine (1998). Data for the ethnic population is from Vanderaa (1991).

PLACES: Mali;

Threatened

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

DATE OF INFO: 1998

DOMAINS OF USE

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place."

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Bambara
Soninké
Peul
Hassaniya
French

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

"Bilingualism with the dominant languages was not uniform across the Kagoro community. ... Kagoro identity does not seem to be tied directly with language use, but rather ethnicity. This was evident especially when we visited the village of Debo-Kagoro. Bambara is the preferred spoken and written language there, and yet this village is considered the 'heart' of the Kagoro world."

PLACES: Mali

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "4 major groups of Kagoro villages: By far the largest is the 'homeland' in the area known as 'Kaarta,' which includes the administrative area of Sefeto in the circle of Kita, region of Kayes, and the administrative areas of Diema and Dioumera in the circle of Nioro, region of Kayes; In the administrative area of Kolokani, circle of Kolokani, region of Bamako, west of the town of Kolokani; In the administrative area of Boro, circle of Banamba, region of Bamako; [and] in the administrative areas of Farako and Tamani, circle of Segou, region of Segou and the administrative area of Niamina, circle of Koulikoro, region of Bamako."

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
15,000
Native speakers worldwide

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Mali

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "Mali, Kulikoro and Kayes Provinces, mostly in Kaarta-Biné, i.e. area between Baoulé and Darrouma rivers."

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Ségou

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "Le kagoro (kàgɔrɔkán) est un parler manding dont les locuteurs se rencontrent plus ou moins sporadiquement dans toute la partie Nord de la zone où est parlé le bambara; du Kaarta jusqu'à Ségou."

PLACES: Nigeria

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Towns of Kagoro, Fadan Kagoro, Garate-Kagoro

		1986	Le système prédicatif du kagoro		1-16			Mandenkan: bull. semestriel d’études linguistiques mandé	11					Creissels, Denis	Denis Creissels. 1986. "Le Système Prédicatif Du Kagoro." In Mandenkan: bull. semestriel d’études linguistiques mandé, 11: 1-16.	EBALL							Bambara, Soninke							Ségou	"Le kagoro (kàgɔrɔkán) est un parler manding dont les locuteurs se rencontrent plus ou moins sporadiquement dans toute la partie Nord de la zone où est parlé le bambara; du Kaarta jusqu'à Ségou."
	16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International			Dallas, TX			http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	21,500	15,000		10000-99999	Data for the number of native speakers comes from V. Vydrine (1998). Data for the ethnic population is from Vanderaa (1991).					Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Mali;
		2012	LL-MAP (Language and Location: A Map Accessibility Project)								Institute for Language Information and Technology	Eastern Michigan University	http://llmap.org	Anthony Aristar and Helen Aristar-Dry and Yichun Xie	Anthony Aristar, Helen Aristar-Dry and Yichun Xie. 2012. "LL-MAP (Language and Location: A Map Accessibility Project)." Online: http://llmap.org.																	14.0758,-9.945653
SIL electronic survey reports (SILESR), #2001-007		2001	Kagoro sociolinguistic survey		18		SIL International, Mali							Smeltzer, Brad	Smeltzer, Brad. 2001. "Kagoro Sociolinguistic Survey." 18. SIL International, Mali.	EBALL			1998			Official domains, writing, school	Bambara, Soninké, Peul, Hassaniya, French	"Bilingualism with the dominant languages was not uniform across the Kagoro community. ... Kagoro identity does not seem to be tied directly with language use, but rather ethnicity. This was evident especially when we visited the village of Debo-Kagoro. Bambara is the preferred spoken and written language there, and yet this village is considered the 'heart' of the Kagoro world."	Some	Threatened (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	11	"Of the 8 test villages, 3 give indications that Kagoro is truly viable, that is, likely to be spoken by the next generation at least... For the other 5 villages, vitality is certainly in question given the language use patterns of the <30 year olds. ... The linguistic situation among the Kagoro people is not homogenous. Attitudes, vitality, language use and levels of bilingualism vary from place to place."	13	Mali	"4 major groups of Kagoro villages: By far the largest is the 'homeland' in the area known as 'Kaarta,' which includes the administrative area of Sefeto in the circle of Kita, region of Kayes, and the administrative areas of Diema and Dioumera in the circle of Nioro, region of Kayes; In the administrative area of Kolokani, circle of Kolokani, region of Bamako, west of the town of Kolokani; In the administrative area of Boro, circle of Banamba, region of Bamako; [and] in the administrative areas of Farako and Tamani, circle of Segou, region of Segou and the administrative area of Niamina, circle of Koulikoro, region of Bamako."	14.139572, -9.826523; 13.582839, -8.033166; 14.008571, -7.514827; 13.410263, -6.389412
		1973	Benue-Congo Comparative Wordlist				University of Ibadan, Nigeria: West African Linguistic Society		II					Kay Williamson	Kay Williamson. 1973. "Benue-Congo Comparative Wordlist." II: University of Ibadan, Nigeria: West African Linguistic Society.	HHOLD														Nigeria	Towns of Kagoro, Fadan Kagoro, Garate-Kagoro	9.614713,8.393548
			World Oral Literature Project										http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			15,000		10000-99999						Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
Contributions to the sociology of language, #64		1992	A survey on language death in Africa	Language death: factual and theoretical explorations with special reference to East Africa	402	Brenzinger, Matthias	Mouton de Gruyter			Berlin & New York				Sommer, Gabriele	Gabriele Sommer. 1992. "A Survey On Language Death in Africa." In Language death: factual and theoretical explorations with special reference to East Africa, edited by Matthias Brenzinger. 402. Mouton de Gruyter.	EBALL							Bamana, Soninké							Mali	"Mali, Kulikoro and Kayes Provinces, mostly in Kaarta-Biné, i.e. area between Baoulé and Darrouma rivers."

Kagoro

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

15,000

Threatened

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

15,000

Discussion

Kagoro

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

15,000

Threatened

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

15,000

Discussion

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