Mako
[aka Maku, Macu, Maco]Classification: Saliban
·vulnerable
Classification: Saliban
·vulnerable
Maku, Macu, Maco, Itoto, Wotuja, Jojod, Piaroa-Maco, Kuakua, Guagua, Quaqua, Ature, Adole, Piaroa-Mako, Piaroa, Wothüha |
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Saliban |
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Information from: “The Mako language: Vitality, Grammar and Classification” . Jorge E. Rosés Labrada (2015)
~1,500
"A comparison of the data from the 2001 census [1,130 Mako people] with that from the 2011 one [1,211 Mako people] shows that the size of the group has remained relatively stable. My personal estimate, however, puts the Mako community around over 1,500 people... Mattéi-Müller (personal communication) reports that, out of the 1,211 Makos identified in the 2011 census, 1,078 reported speaking their language while only nine reported not speaking it."
"Most children under the age of 10 [in Arena Blanca] are monolinguals in [Mako]... in [Isla Bomba] everyone speaks Piaroa and Mako... Mako remains the language used for everyday interaction with other Mako people both at home and in socialization spaces. Mako is also the language of shamanism, where that practice is still active, and the language of government inside the communities."
Spanish
Piaroa
"Spanish is primarily used only in situations involving the presence of criollos... it is also used in schools. The use of Piaroa differs from community to community; it positively correlates with the number of Piaroa speakers in any given village...
The legal framework and instruments to promote the use of Mako in the indigenous communities where the language is spoken and in the education system exist; however, many of these policies remain unimplemented...
The Mako people whom I know and with whom I have interacted over the last three years are most definitely not ashamed of using their language—for example, they use it overtly amongst themselves while in the cities—and, in fact, seem to see it as essential to their community and their identity. It is impossible to guarantee that all the members of all the Mako communities value their language and wish to see it promoted but I think it safe to affirm that most members of the communities with whom I have worked or those I have just visited support language maintenance."
"There is a practical orthography; some materials have been written but remain largely inaccessible to most communities; Mako literacy education is not part of the school curriculum."
Mako communities are located in Amazonas state, in the Atabapo municipality (in the areas of Caño Yaquivapo, Caño Guapuchí, Río Ventuari, and Caño Yureba) and the Manapiare municipality (in the areas of Río Ventuari and Caño Parú).
Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International
Data for the number of native speakers comes from J. Miller (2002).
(Unchanged 2016.)
Spanish [spa]
Piaroa [pid]
Tributaries of the Ventuari River, Wapuchi, Paru, Yureba, and Marueta rivers; Marueta, Wapuchi, Porvenir, Tavi-Tavi, Mariche, Morocoto villages.
Ventuari River tributaries, Wapuchi, Paru, Yureba, and Marueta rivers; Marueta, Wapuchi, Porvenir, Tavi-Tavi, Mariche, and Morocoto villages.
Information from: “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter
Most Mako are speakers of the language.