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信息不完整 “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter
信息不完整 “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter
7,830
<7,750 speakers in Guyana, ethnic population 7,750; ? speakers in Venezuela, ethnic population 83.
信息不完整 “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International
Contingo, Quino, Pium, and Mau rivers, northeast Roraima and Rio Branco. Also in Guyana, Venezuela.
信息不完整 “South America” (103-196) . Mily Crevels (2007) , C. Moseley · London & New York: Routledge
18,850
信息不完整 “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press
信息不完整 “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)” . Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig · SIL International
In Brazil: 16,500 (ethnic population: 23,400 [2001]).
In Guyana: 930 (ethnic population: 7,750 [2007]).
In Venezuela: 600?
In Brazil: Roraima state; Contingo, Mau, Pium, Quino river.
In Guyana: Potaro-Siparuni and Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo regions: Southwest border area, Rupununi north savannahs, 20 small settlements up to Pakaraima mountain foothills.
In Venezuela: Bolivar state: southeast border area, Caroni river, west of Pan American highway.
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| Isbn | Series | Month | Edition | Num | Year | Title | Booktitle | Pages | Note | Editor | Howpublished | Publisher | Journal | Volume | Address | Institution | Chapter | Translator | School | Url | Author | Free Text Citation | Copied From | Older Adults | Ethnic Population | Young Adults | Private Comment | Speaker Number Text | Date Of Info | Speaker Number | Public Comment | Semi Speakers | Elders | Second Language Speakers | Domains Other Langs | Other Languages Used | Private Comment | Government Support | Speaker Attitude | Public Comment | Institutional Support | Number Speaker Other Languages | Endangerment Level | Transmission | Private Comment | Public Comment | Domains Of Use | Speaker Number Trends | Private Comment | Public Comment | Places | Description | Coordinates |
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来源： “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . , Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press |
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来源： “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . , M. Paul Lewis · SIL International |
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来源： “Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger” . Christopher Moseley (ed.) (2010) UNESCO Publishing |
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来源： “South America” (103-196) . Mily Crevels (2007) , C. Moseley · London & New York: Routledge |
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来源： “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter |
| 0199255911 | 2005 | The World Atlas of Language Structures | Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer | Oxford University Press | New York | 2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press. | 4.0,-60.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 16 | 2009 | Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009) | M. Paul Lewis | SIL International | Dallas, TX | http://www.ethnologue.com/ | Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.) | ll_pub | 29,100 | 2001 | 10000-99999 | 19,000 in Brazil (2001 ISA). | Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available) | Venezuela; Brazil; Guyana; | Contingo, Quino, Pium, and Mau rivers, northeast Roraima and Rio Branco. Also in Guyana, Venezuela. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2016 | Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016) | Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig | online | SIL International | Dallas, Texas | http://www.ethnologue.com | Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2016. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth edition (2016). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com. | 18,030 | 2006 (Brazil), 2001 (Guyana), 1992? (Venezuela) | 10000-99999 | In Brazil: 16,500 (ethnic population: 23,400 [2001]). In Guyana: 930 (ethnic population: 7,750 [2007]). In Venezuela: 600? | Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available) | In Brazil: Roraima state; Contingo, Mau, Pium, Quino river. In Guyana: Potaro-Siparuni and Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo regions: Southwest border area, Rupununi north savannahs, 20 small settlements up to Pakaraima mountain foothills. In Venezuela: Bolivar state: southeast border area, Caroni river, west of Pan American highway. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | 2010 | Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger | UNESCO Publishing | Paris | http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas | Christopher Moseley (ed.) | Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.) | ll_pub | 22,750 | 10000-99999 | Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available) | 3.6888,-59.4799 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2007 | South America | Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages | 103-196 | C. Moseley | London & New York: Routledge | Mily Crevels | Crevels, Mily. 2007. "South America." In Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 103-196. London & New York: Routledge. | HHOLD | 18,850 | 2000 | Guyana, Venezuela and Brazil | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| World Oral Literature Project | http://www.oralliterature.org | "World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org. | 24,600 | 10000-99999 | Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2012 | Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking | The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide | 167-234 | Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona | Mouton de Gruyter | Berlin | Crevels, Mily | Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter. | 7,830 | <7,830 | 2000 | 1000-9999 | <7,750 speakers in Guyana, ethnic population 7,750; ? speakers in Venezuela, ethnic population 83. | Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available) |