Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Kaningara
CLASSIFICATION		Sepik, Sepik Hill, Eastern Sepik Hill
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		knr
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (6)

Information from: “Papua New Guinea's Languages: Will They Survive?” (85-111 ch. 6) . Sumbuk, Kenneth M. (2006) , Cunningham, Denis; D. E. Ingram; and Kenneth Sumbuk · Multilingual Matters

Threatened

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
327
Native speakers worldwide

DOMAINS OF USE
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS: "All Sare and Kaningara speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and there is now a noticeable shift towards Tok Pisin. Children of both endogamous and exogamous marriages in the villages are acquiring Tok Pisin as well as the two indigenous languages."

PLACES: Papua New Guinea

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Blackwater Lake region, East Sepik province: Kaningara village.

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
300
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
750
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
(Wurm)

DATE OF INFO: 2000

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Papua New Guinea

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "East Sepik Province, Blackwater river south of Kuvanmas lake. 2 villages."

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
327
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
300
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
327
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
In 1981, 359 speakers were reported. More recent reports mention 327.

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Tok Pisin

More on Orthography

No literacy

PLACES: Papua New Guinea

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Southern central East Sepik Province. Spoken near the Kuvanmas Lake, between the middle Korosamen and Karawari Rivers, west of Amboin.

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
359
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 1970

PLACES: Papua New Guinea

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Kaningara and Yamondinei villages

			2006	Papua New Guinea's Languages: Will They Survive?	Language Diversity in the Pacific: Endangerment and Survival	85-111	Cunningham, Denis; D. E. Ingram; and Kenneth Sumbuk	Multilingual Matters	Clevedon	6		Sumbuk, Kenneth M.				327		100-999		Sare (Kapriman), Tok Pisin	"All Sare and Kaningara speakers are bilingual in Tok Pisin and there is now a noticeable shift towards Tok Pisin. Children of both endogamous and exogamous marriages in the villages are acquiring Tok Pisin as well as the two indigenous languages."	Threatened (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	10		12		Papua New Guinea	Blackwater Lake region, East Sepik province: Kaningara village.
	3rd		2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing	Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		327		100-999				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)							-4.5784, 143.3612
Pacific Linguistics		B 25	1973	Sepik languages: checklist and preliminary classification			Wurm, Stephen A.	Australian National University, Research School of Pacific Studies, Department of Linguistics	Canberra			Laycock, Donald C.				359	1970	100-999				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Papua New Guinea	Kaningara and Yamondinei villages
				World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			300		100-999				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
	18th		2015	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 18th Edition			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig	SIL International	Dallas, Texas		http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2015. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Eighteenth edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		750	300	2000	100-999	(Wurm)	Tok Pisin [tpi]		Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Papua New Guinea	"East Sepik Province, Blackwater river south of Kuvanmas lake. 2 villages."
			2007	Australasia and the Pacific	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	425-577	Christopher Moseley	Routledge	London and New York			Stephen Wurm	Stephen Wurm. 2007. "Australasia and the Pacific." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by Christopher Moseley. 425-577. Routledge.			327		100-999	In 1981, 359 speakers were reported. More recent reports mention 327.	Tok Pisin		Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	12	The speakers are highly bilingual in Tok Pisin, which puts pressure on the language, especially with young speakers.		12	Papua New Guinea	Southern central East Sepik Province. Spoken near the Kuvanmas Lake, between the middle Korosamen and Karawari Rivers, west of Amboin.

Kaningra

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

327

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

300

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

327

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

300

Endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

327

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

359

Discussion

Kaningra

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

327

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

300

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

327

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

300

Endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

327

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

359

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

Download language data

Sources of information

Compare Sources