Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Tiríyo, Tiriyó, Trio, Pianakoto, Tiriyo
CLASSIFICATION		Cariban, Guianan
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		tri
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Pianokotó (probably extinct)
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (7)

Information from: “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2,456
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
2,456
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Brazil: 1,156 speakers and population (2006).
Suriname 1,300 speakers and population.

DATE OF INFO: 2006 for Brazil

PLACES: Brazil

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2300
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
1,400 in Suriname (2003 ISA).

DATE OF INFO: 2003

MORE ON VITALITY

All domains, except education. All ages. Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school. Also use Dutch [nld]. Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik]. (2013)

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Dutch

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

PLACES: Suriname; Brazil;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Suriname: South central, Tepoe and Alalapadu villages. Brazil: Pará, Rio Mapari

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: South, Palumeu on Palumeu River; Tëpu on Upper Tapanahoni River; Kwamalasamutu and Sipaliwini on Sipaliwini River.

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2,156
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,151
Native speakers worldwide

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,000-1,200
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Suriname

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: south, in Palumeu on the Palumeu River; in Pelelutepu (Tepu) on
the Upper Tapanahoni River; and in Kwamalasamutu and Sipaliwini on the Sipaliwini River.

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
2300
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
2300
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Suriname: 1400 (2003 ISA), ethnic population 1400 (2003).
Brazil: 730 (Moore 2006); most are monolingual; ethnic population 900 (2003 ISA).

DATE OF INFO: 2003 (Suriname), 2006 (Brazil)

MORE ON VITALITY

All ages.

SPEAKER ATTITUDE

Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Dutch

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik].

PLACES: Suriname, Brazil

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: Suriname: Sipaliwini district: Kwamalasamutu on Sipaliwini River, Palumeu on Palumeu River, Tëpu on upper Tapanahoni River.
Brazil: Pará state: mostly on west Paru River; also Terra Indígena Parque Tumucumaque, on Marapi and East Paru rivers.

0199255911		2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer		Oxford University Press	New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.															3.25,-55.75
	16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis		SIL International	Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		2300	2003	1000-9999	1,400 in Suriname (2003 ISA).	Dutch		All domains, except education. All ages. Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school. Also use Dutch [nld]. Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik].	Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	All domains, except education. All ages. Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school. Also use Dutch [nld]. Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik]. (2013)	South, Palumeu on Palumeu River; Tëpu on Upper Tapanahoni River; Kwamalasamutu and Sipaliwini on Sipaliwini River.	Suriname; Brazil;	Suriname: South central, Tepoe and Alalapadu villages. Brazil: Pará, Rio Mapari
		2016	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig	online	SIL International	Dallas, Texas	http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2016. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth edition (2016). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		2300	2300	2003 (Suriname), 2006 (Brazil)	1000-9999	Suriname: 1400 (2003 ISA), ethnic population 1400 (2003). Brazil: 730 (Moore 2006); most are monolingual; ethnic population 900 (2003 ISA).	Dutch	Very positive attitudes though not considered appropriate as subject in school.	Used as L2 by Akurio [ako], Mawayana [mzx], Sikiana [sik].	Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	All ages.	Suriname: Sipaliwini district: Kwamalasamutu on Sipaliwini River, Palumeu on Palumeu River, Tëpu on upper Tapanahoni River. Brazil: Pará state: mostly on west Paru River; also Terra Indígena Parque Tumucumaque, on Marapi and East Paru rivers.	Suriname, Brazil
	3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing	Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		2,156		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					2.1528,-56.3818
		2007	South America	Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages	103-196	C. Moseley		London & New York: Routledge			Mily Crevels	Crevels, Mily. 2007. "South America." In Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 103-196. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD		1,000-1,200		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)			Suriname	south, in Palumeu on the Palumeu River; in Pelelutepu (Tepu) on the Upper Tapanahoni River; and in Kwamalasamutu and Sipaliwini on the Sipaliwini River.
			World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			1,151		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		2012	Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking	The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide	167-234	Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona		Mouton de Gruyter	Berlin		Crevels, Mily	Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.		2,456	2,456	2006 for Brazil	1000-9999	Brazil: 1,156 speakers and population (2006). Suriname 1,300 speakers and population.				Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)			Brazil

Trió

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,456

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2300

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,156

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,151

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000-1,200

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2300

Discussion

Trió

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,456

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2300

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2,156

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,151

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000-1,200

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

2300

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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