Information from: “North America” (7-41) . Victor Golla and Ives Goddard and Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco (2008) , Chris Moseley and Ron Asher · Routledge
Threatened
20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8,145
20,000
PLACES
USA; Canada;
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Spoken in over 25 reserves scattered across the provinces of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Quebec, as well as in the United States, the most important speech communities being at Restigouche, Quebec; Big Cove, New Brunswick; and Eskasoni, on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. There is also a large expatriate community of Micmacs in the United States, primarily in Boston,
Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International
Threatened
20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
9290
"8,960 in Canada, decreasing. Ethnic population: 14,200 in Canada (1998 SIL). In Canada, 1,500 are in mainland Nova Scotia, 4,000 on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, 800 on Prince Edward Island and Lennox Island, 4,550 on the east coast of New Brunswick, 3,150 on the Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec, 200 in Newfoundland".
PLACES
USA; Canada;
LOCATION DESCRIPTION
Central and north Nova Scotia, villages Afton, Pictou, Truro, Shubenagadie, Bear River, and Yarmouth, on Cape Breton Island: Memberto, Eskasoni, Chapel Island, Wakmatkug, and Waikoqomaq; Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick east coast: Fort Folly, Big Cove, Indian Island, Burnt Church, Eel Ground, Red Bank, Pabino Falls, and Eel River Bar; Quebec, east Gaspe Peninsula, villages: Gespe’q, Gesgapeqiaq, Listuguj; 1 settlement, interior, Island of Newfoundland, south of Millertown, Newfoundland and Labrador.
Information from: “Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger” . Christopher Moseley (ed.) (2010) UNESCO Publishing
Vulnerable
20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
14,995
PLACES
USA; Canada;
Information from: “World Oral Literature Project” .
Threatened
20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8,510
PLACES
USA; Canada;
Information from: “North America” (1-96) . Victor Golla (2007) , C. Moseley · London & New York: Routledge
Threatened
20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8,145
about 20,000
PLACES
USA; Canada;
Information from: “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press
Information from: “About Miwapukek” .
PLACES
Canada
LOCATION DESCRIPTION
Mi'kmaq is also spoken on the Miawpukek First Nation in Newfoundland and Labrador.
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Thank you to website user, Luke Hancox for contributing this information.
Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)” . Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig · SIL International
Endangered
80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8270
21,000
Canada: 8040 (2011 census), ethnic population 14,200 (1998 SIL). US: 230 (2010 census), ethnic population 6,800 (Golla 2007).
DATE OF INFO
2011 (Canada), 2010 (US)
SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
MORE ON VITALITY
In some communities, only older adults. Virtually extinct in 5 communities, 4 of which are in English-speaking areas (Shubenagadie, Truro, Eel River Bar, Pabineo Falls) and the 5th in French-speaking Gaspé, Quebec. In larger areas children tend to begin speaking some Micmac, except in Listuguj, where some families educate children in French. In communities such as Gesgapegiaq, use is more vigorous. Each community has a committee or group whose task is to help enhance the language and culture.
Mainly adults.
SPEAKER ATTITUDE
Postive
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
English
French
PLACES
Canada, USA
ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
Canada: New Brunswick province: Big Cove, Burnt Church, Eel Ground, Eel River Bar, Fort Folly, Indian Island, Pabino Falls, and Red Bank; Newfoundland and Labrador province: Newfoundland Island, 1 settlement south of Millertown; Nova Scotia: Afton, Bear River, Shubenagadie, Pictou, Truro, and Yarmouth, on Cape Breton Island: Chapel Island, Eskasoni, Memberto, Waikoqomaq, and Wakmatkuq; Prince Edward Island province; Quebec province: Gesgapeqiaq, Gespe’q, and Listuguj on east Gaspé peninsula.
USA: Maine : north near Fort Fairfield; Massachusetts: Boston; scattered elsewhere.
