Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Bauré, Chiquimiti
CLASSIFICATION		Arawakan, Southern Arawakan, Southern Outlier
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		brg
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Baure Carmelito Joaquiniano
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (8)

Information from: “Los Hablantes del Idioma Baure” . Proyecto de la Documentación del Idioma Baure (2010)

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
20
Native speakers worldwide
SEMI SPEAKERS
44
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
The Baure dialect has 11 speakers who report they speak the language perfectly, and 6 who report speaking "very well." a further 39 report speaking some or many words and phrases. The Carmelito dialect has 3 reported fluent speakers, as well as a handful of semi-speakers. The Joaquiniano dialect has no reported fluent speakers, and 5 reported semi speakers.

DATE OF INFO: 2009

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Currently, Baure is spoken almost exclusively by the elderly, while Spanish
is the dominant language of the region.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Spanish

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

There have been several attempts to develop a revitalization program, including language teaching in schools and language classes offered by the members of the Proyecto de la Documentación del Idioma Baure, which may result in an increase in the number of speakers in younger generations.

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
13
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
631
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000).

40 (Crevels 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 980 (2006 PIB) (2013).

DATE OF INFO: 2000

PLACES: Bolivia;

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Beni Department, Iténez and Mamoré provinces, between the Iténez and Río Blanco rivers, Baures, Huacaraje, Magdalena municipalities, southeast of Magdalena, mainly in Baures and El Carmen villages, also San Miguel, Tujure, Cairo, Alta Gracia, Jasiaquini, Bereuro, San Francisco, San Pedro, Buena Hora, Las Peñas, Pueblo Baure.

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: Beni Department, Iténez and Mamoré provinces, between the Iténez and Río Blanco rivers, Baures, Huacaraje, Magdalena municipalities, southeast of Magdalena, mainly in Baures and El Carmen villages, also San Miguel, Tujure, Cairo, Alta Gracia, Jasiaquini, Bereuro, San Francisco, San Pedro, Buena Hora, Las Peñas, Pueblo Baure.

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
55
Native speakers worldwide

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
13
Native speakers worldwide

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
40
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
630
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
All speakers of Baure are over 50 years old.

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION

PLACES: Bolivia: villages of Baures and El Carmen

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Bolivia, Department of Beni, provinces of Itenez and Mamore, between the Itenez and Rio Blanco rivers, municipalities of Baures, Huacaraje and Magdalena, southeast of Magdalena, in the villages of Baures and El Carmen

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
67
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
886

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~66
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años." (p. 295) "En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano" (p. 296).

[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].

MORE ON VITALITY

"ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años." (p. 295) "En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano" (p. 296).

[there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].

		2010	Los Hablantes del Idioma Baure							Proyecto de la Documentación del Idioma Baure	Proyecto de la Documentación del Idioma Baure. 2010. "Los Hablantes Del Idioma Baure."			20	2009	10-99	The Baure dialect has 11 speakers who report they speak the language perfectly, and 6 who report speaking "very well." a further 39 report speaking some or many words and phrases. The Carmelito dialect has 3 reported fluent speakers, as well as a handful of semi-speakers. The Joaquiniano dialect has no reported fluent speakers, and 5 reported semi speakers.	44	Spanish	There have been several attempts to develop a revitalization program, including language teaching in schools and language classes offered by the members of the Proyecto de la Documentación del Idioma Baure, which may result in an increase in the number of speakers in younger generations.	Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	Currently, Baure is spoken almost exclusively by the elderly, while Spanish is the dominant language of the region.	15
0199255911		2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press	New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.																	-13.0833333333,-64.1666666667
	16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International	Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	631	13	2000	10-99	Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Adelaar (2000). 40 (Crevels 2007), decreasing. Ethnic population: 980 (2006 PIB) (2013).				Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				Beni Department, Iténez and Mamoré provinces, between the Iténez and Río Blanco rivers, Baures, Huacaraje, Magdalena municipalities, southeast of Magdalena, mainly in Baures and El Carmen villages, also San Miguel, Tujure, Cairo, Alta Gracia, Jasiaquini, Bereuro, San Francisco, San Pedro, Buena Hora, Las Peñas, Pueblo Baure.	Bolivia;	Beni Department, Iténez and Mamoré provinces, between the Iténez and Río Blanco rivers, Baures, Huacaraje, Magdalena municipalities, southeast of Magdalena, mainly in Baures and El Carmen villages, also San Miguel, Tujure, Cairo, Alta Gracia, Jasiaquini, Bereuro, San Francisco, San Pedro, Buena Hora, Las Peñas, Pueblo Baure.
	3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing	Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		55		10-99					Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)							-13.1008,-64.5007
		2007	South America	Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages	103-196	C. Moseley	London & New York: Routledge			Mily Crevels	Crevels, Mily. 2007. "South America." In Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 103-196. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD	630	40		10-99	All speakers of Baure are over 50 years old.				Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15		15		Bolivia: villages of Baures and El Carmen	Bolivia, Department of Beni, provinces of Itenez and Mamore, between the Itenez and Rio Blanco rivers, municipalities of Baures, Huacaraje and Magdalena, southeast of Magdalena, in the villages of Baures and El Carmen
			World Oral Literature Project						http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			13		10-99					Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
978-99954-1-475-5		2012	Baure	Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía	295-339	Mily Crevels and Pieter Muysken				Danielsen, Swintha	Danielsen, Swintha. 2012. Baure. Lenguas de Bolivia, vol 2: Amazonía, ed. by Mily Crevels and Pieter Muysken, 295-339. La Paz: Plural Editores.			~66		10-99	"ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años." (p. 295) "En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano" (p. 296). [there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].				Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		"ya no hay personas que hablan el joaquiniano con fluidez; sólo algunos de los ancianos de la zona recuerdan algo. El Carmen tiene sólo seis personas que hablan perfectamente el carmalito, pero todos ellos exepto uno, son mayores de 70 años." (p. 295) "En el pueblo de Baures y en las comunidades aldeañas, hay por lo menos 60 personas que hablan la lengua con suficiente fluidez y habilidad, pero la mayoría de ellos son mayores de 60 años ... Además, hay un número estimado de 100 a 200 semi-hablantes mayores de 50 años de edad y por lo menos 500 con un conocimiento pasivo de la lengua (probablemente mayores de 40 años. Sin embargo, también hay un número de niños y miembros de las generaciones más jóvenes que aprenden algo de baure de sus abuelos. Todos los hablantes son bilingües en baure y castellano" (p. 296). [there are no people who speak joaquiniano fluently; only some of the elders of the area remember something. El Carmen has only six people who speak carmalito perfectly, but all of them exept one are older than 70. (p. 295)" In Baures and surrounding communities, there are at least 60 people who speak the language with sufficient fluency and competence, but most of them are over 60 ... in addition, there are an estimated of 100 to 200 semi-speakers over 50 years old and at least 500 with a passive knowledge of the language (probably over 40 years. Nevertheless, there are also a number of children and members of the younger generations who learn some Baure from their grandparents. All speakers are bilingual in Spanish and Baure (p. 296].
		2012	Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking	The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide	167-234	Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona	Mouton de Gruyter	Berlin		Crevels, Mily	Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.		886	67		10-99					Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Baure

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

20

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

13

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

55

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

13

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

67

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~66

Discussion

Baure

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

20

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

13

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

55

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

13

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

67

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~66

Discussion

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