Endangered Languages Project

Alias		Camalal, Chamali чамалинский язык, çamalaldub miçʿçʿ, чамалалдуб мичIчI, ჭამალალური ენა,
KLASSIFIZIERUNG		Northeast Caucasian, Avaro-Andic, Nakh-Daghestanian
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3; Glottolog
SPRACHENCODE		cji, cham1309
VARIANTEN & DIALEKTE		Gakvarian-Gadirian (Gakvari Gadyri) Gigatl
DOWNLOAD		Als csv
WEITERE RESSOURCEN		OLAC-Suche

Compare Sources (8)

Informationen von: “Gakvarian Chamalal (Dagestan and Chechnya) - Language Snapshot” . Kristian Roncero (2021) , Peter K. Austin · ELPublishing

Bedroht

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
9,000
Muttersprachler weltweit
Ethnische Population
19,000 (Alieva)
MEHR ZUR ANZAHL DER SPRECHER
Chamalal are often counted as Avar in official censuses

NUTZUNGSBEREICHE

ENTWICKLUNGSTENDENZEN BEI SPRECHERN

VERBREITUNG

MEHR ZU SPRACHBESTÄNDIGKEIT

Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.

SPRECHEREINSTELLUNG

The Dagestan region is multilingual, so Chamalal is not stigmatised. Wives from other regions acquire the language. Education takes place in Russian, and Avar is taught marginally as a mother tongue.

ANDERE VON DER GEMEINSCHAFT GESPROCHENE SPRACHEN

Avar
Russian
neighboring languages
Arabic

ORTE: Traditionally spoken in Tsumada District of Dagestan and Šarojskij District of Chechnya in Russia, with migration to the plains and larger cities

Ethnische Population
4000

DATUM DER INFORMATION: 1967

ANDERE VON DER GEMEINSCHAFT GESPROCHENE SPRACHEN
Skripte (Schreibsysteme und Orthografien): None

ORTSBESCHREIBUNG: "The Chamalals are a numerically small people who occupy a few dozen villages in the Tsumada district of Dagestan. Their settlements are located on the left bank of the middle reaches of the Andi-Koisu river. The major Chamalal villages are Lower-Gaquar, Agual, Tsumada, Urukh, Gachitl, Quenkh, Gigatl and Gadór."

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,000
Muttersprachler weltweit
Ethnische Population
4000

DATUM DER INFORMATION: 1967

ANDERE VON DER GEMEINSCHAFT GESPROCHENE SPRACHEN
Skripte (Schreibsysteme und Orthografien): None
Rechtschreibung: Avar is used in writing.

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,000-6,000
Muttersprachler weltweit

ANDERE VON DER GEMEINSCHAFT GESPROCHENE SPRACHEN
Skripte (Schreibsysteme und Orthografien): none

ORTE: Upper Gakvari, Lower Gakvari, Agvali, Tsumada, Richagnik, Gadyri, Gigatl', Kvankhi

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
5,000
Muttersprachler weltweit
Ethnische Population
5,000
MEHR ZUR ANZAHL DER SPRECHER
Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Kibrik (1990).

DATUM DER INFORMATION: 1990

ORTE: Russia;

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
5,000
Muttersprachler weltweit

Gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
12,000
Muttersprachler weltweit

				2003	UNESCO Red Book of Endangered Languages		UNESCO				B. Heine and M. Brenzinger	Heine, B. and M. Brenzinger. 2003. "UNESCO Red Book of Endangered Languages." UNESCO.	HHOLD	4000		1967			Schools	Avar, Russian								"The Chamalals are a numerically small people who occupy a few dozen villages in the Tsumada district of Dagestan. Their settlements are located on the left bank of the middle reaches of the Andi-Koisu river. The major Chamalal villages are Lower-Gaquar, Agual, Tsumada, Urukh, Gachitl, Quenkh, Gigatl and Gadór."
0199255911				2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures	Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press		New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.																	42.55,46.05
			16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)	M. Paul Lewis	SIL International		Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	5,000	5,000	1990	1000-9999	Data for the number of native speakers and the ethnic population come from Kibrik (1990).				Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Russia;
			3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger		UNESCO Publishing		Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		12,000		10000-99999					Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)							42.5712,46.0739
					World Oral Literature Project					http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			5,000		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
ISSN: 1740-6234	Language Snapshots	June		2021	Gakvarian Chamalal (Dagestan and Chechnya) - Language Snapshot	Peter K. Austin	ELPublishing	Language Documentation and Description		http://www.elpublishing.org/docs/1/20/ldd20_05.pdf	Kristian Roncero	Roncero, Kristian. 2021. Gakvarian Chamalal (Dagestan and Chechnya) - Language Snapshot. Language Documentation and Description 20, 64-74. http://www.elpublishing.org/PID/227		19,000 (Alieva)	9,000		1000-9999	Chamalal are often counted as Avar in official censuses	government, media, education, religion	Avar, Russian, neighboring languages, Arabic	The Dagestan region is multilingual, so Chamalal is not stigmatised. Wives from other regions acquire the language. Education takes place in Russian, and Avar is taught marginally as a mother tongue.	Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	11	Children and young adults more often use Russian when communicating among themselves, particularly on phones and social media. Adults and children of the diaspora use the language less frequently and fluently.	12	11	Traditionally spoken in Tsumada District of Dagestan and Šarojskij District of Chechnya in Russia, with migration to the plains and larger cities		42.3928, 45.5626
070071197X		3	1	2007	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages		Routledge		Abingdon		Christopher Moseley	Moseley, Christopher. 2007. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X	ll_pub		4,000-6,000		1000-9999			Avar, Russian		Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Upper Gakvari, Lower Gakvari, Agvali, Tsumada, Richagnik, Gadyri, Gigatl', Kvankhi
9985-936922				1993	The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire	Andrew Humphreys and Krista Mits				http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook		"The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire." edited by Andrew Humphreys and Krista Mits. Online: http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook.		4000	4,000	1967	1000-9999		Education	Avar, Russian		Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Chamalal

Metadaten der Sprache

Sprachdokumentationsforum

Bedroht

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

9,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,000-6,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

5,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

5,000

Gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12,000

Diskussion

Chamalal

Metadaten der Sprache

Sprachdokumentationsforum

Bedroht

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

9,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

4,000-6,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

5,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

5,000

Gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12,000

Diskussion

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