"Whilst Unua is the principal language used in daily interactions in the area, as discussed in section 13.1, all adults and all school age children are fluent speakers of Bislama. Bislama is also the language of choice for certain kinds of (more formal) interactions and in a small number of households." (p.2)

"Interactions between speakers of different vernacular languages are conducted in Bislama. Although schooling in Vanuatu is traditionally conducted in English or French, for adults, only the small numbers who have had some secondary school education have maintained degrees of fluency in either one of these languages, of which there would be only a handful in the Unua area with competency in French." (p.2)