Also Known As:
Tontoli, Tolitoli, Gage
Dialects & Varieties
Sourcebook on Tomini-Tolitoi Languages: General Information and Word Lists
Nikolaus P. Himmelmann. 2001. "Sourcebook On Tomini-Tolitoi Languages: General Information and Word Lists." 511: Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University.
Endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~7500
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends
Speaker Number Trend 4
Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace.
4
Domains of Use
Domain Of Use 4
Used mainly only in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members.
4
Transmission
Transmission 2
Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not.
2
Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
No results found.
Older adults
No results found.
Elders
No results found.
Ethnic or community population
25000
Year information was gathered
No results found.
Comments on speakers
No results found.
Location and Context
Countries
Indonesia
Location Description
On Sulawesi. Northern Toli-Toli near Toli-Toli and Binontoan.
Government Support
No government support.
Institutional Support
No institutional support
Speakers' Attitude
Generally negative.
Other Languages Used By The Community
Indonesian, Kaili, Bajau
Number of Other Language Speakers:
Most of the community speaks Indonesian, the national language. Many also speak Kaila, a regional lingua franca. A few speak Bajau, a trade language.
Domains of Other Languages:
Indonesian is used in most domains.
Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
No results found.
Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
No results found.
Recent Resources
Message informatif
No results found.