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Language Information by Source

Source 1
Source 2
Source 3
Source 4
Sketch grammar of the Karlong variety of Mongghul, and dialectal survey of Mongghul

Burgel R. M. Faehndrich. 2007. Sketch grammar of the Karlong variety of Mongghul, and dialectal survey of Mongghul. PhD dissertation, Department of Linguisitcs, University of Hawaii at Manoa.

Endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
About Vitality Level
50000
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 4

Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace.

4
Domains of Use

Domain Of Use 3

Used mainly in the home and/or with family, but remains the primary language of these domains for many community members.

3
Transmission

Transmission 4

Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not.

4
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Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
No results found.
Older adults
No results found.
Elders
No results found.
Ethnic or community population
No results found.
Year information was gathered
No results found.
Comments on speakers
Schooling is in Chinese; most bilingual in Chinese, and a few bilingual in Amdo Tibetan (older people)

Location and Context
Countries
China
Location Description

Huzhu 互助 county, Ledu 樂都 county, Qinghai 青海 Province; Tianzhu 天祝 county, Gansu 甘肅 Province

Government Support
No results found.
Institutional Support
No results found.
Speakers' Attitude
No results found.
Other Languages Used By The Community
Qinghaihua; Tibetan; Standard Mandarin
Number of Other Language Speakers:
most
Domains of Other Languages:
most

Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
Pinyin romanization of Mandarin Chinese
Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
the spelling is based on the Halchighol dialect, and in limited use

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